延长磷化氢熏蒸有效时间对储粮害虫熏蒸效果的影响  

The Effect of Extending Expose Time of Phosphine on Grain Pests

作　　者：周晓军 王凯 代永 司雪梅 Zhou Xiaojun;Wang Kai;Dai Yong;Si Xuemei(Zhengzhou Xinglong National Grain Reserve Depot, Zhengzhou　450001, China)

机构地区：[1]河南郑州兴隆国家粮食储备库,河南郑州450053

出　　处：《现代食品》2016年第14期85-89,共5页Modern Food

摘　　要：维持磷化氢的有效熏蒸浓度和有效熏蒸时间是磷化氢熏蒸技术成功防治储粮害虫的决定性因素。实践中,由于储粮维护结构的气密性较差,仓房气密性的压力半衰期往往无法达到熏蒸仓的标准,给储粮害虫的防治带来了一定困难。本研究采用补充施药技术,当磷化氢浓度降至250 m L/m3时开始补药,延长熏蒸时间至40 d以上,采用整仓环流熏蒸的方式,在储有小麦的高大平房仓进行储粮害虫的磷化氢熏蒸防治试验,结果表明:采用补充施药至少可维持磷化氢浓度在200 m L/m3以上可达35 d,在250 m L/m3以上可达25 d;熏蒸22 d后,可全部杀死仓内的赤拟谷盗和锈赤扁谷盗。表明通过补充施药进而延长有效熏蒸时间是保障磷化氢熏蒸成功有效方法。Effective concentration and fumigation time of phosphine are key factors in phosphine fumigation techniques controlling the stored grain pests successfully. For the limitation of poor storage airtightness in practices, half life of pressure is not accord with the fumigation warehouse criteria, and it is the most challenge of control pests in grain storage. With a complementary application technology of phosphine,phosphine tables will be input when phosphine concentration is less than 250 mL/m3 and exposure time is 40 days in stored wheat warehouses under a whole-warehouse fumigation. The results as follow: (1)the expose time of phosphine concentration more than 200 mL/m3 and 250 mL/m3 were 35 days and 25 days under the complementary application technology, respectively; (2)Tribolium castaneum and Cryptolestes ferrugineus were all killed after expose 22 days. It showed that expose time of effective concentration was extended with a complementary application technology, it is a available way to controlling stored grain pests with phosphine fumigation

关 键 词：磷化氢 蒸熏 粮食 害虫 

分 类 号：S379.5[农业科学—农产品加工]