海州湾海洋牧场浮游植物群落年际变化特征分析  

Different Seasonal Changes of Phytoplankton Community in the Marine Farming of Haizhou Bay

作　　者：李大鹏[1] 张硕[1,2] 石一茜 张岩[3] 黄宏[1,2] LI Dapeng;ZHANG Shuo;SHI Yiqian;ZHANG Yan;HUANG Hong(College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Ocean and Fishery Bureau of Jiangsu, Nanjing 210003, China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]江苏省海洋与渔业局,江苏南京210003

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2017年第2期285-295,共11页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：农业部转产转业项目-江苏省海州湾海洋牧场示范项目(D-8006-12-0018;D8006-15-8014);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303047)

摘　　要：为了解海州湾海洋牧场建设过程中,不同季节浮游植物群落年际变化特征及其与环境因子的关系,基于2008—2015年24个航次网采浮游植物和水质调查数据,比较了不同季节浮游植物群落的结构组成变化,并运用相关性和典范对应分析,探讨影响浮游植物群落结构变化的主要驱动因素。结果表明,调查期间,浮游植物种类数量呈现春季<夏季<秋季的特征,硅藻和甲藻为主要浮游植物优势种。硅藻丰度百分比例的季节变化特征为秋季(90.24%)>夏季(84.25%)>春季(77.61%),甲藻丰度为春季(16.83%)>夏季(12.33%)>秋季(10.91%)。相关性和典范对应分析表明,在浮游植物物种多样性和丰度较高的夏、秋季节,第一、二优势种的Y值偏小,其他浮游植物种类数量较多,均匀度也较高;而春季第一、二优势种的Y值较高,春季多样性和丰度较低。溶解氧是影响春、夏两季圆筛藻(Conscinodiscus)优势度变化的主要环境因子,而秋季环境条件较好,可满足浮游植物的生长需求,种间竞争作用导致优势种Y值偏小,丰度和均匀度最高。In order to provide a better understanding of the interannual variations of phytoplankton communities in Haizhou Bay andtheir relationships with different environmental factors involved in the ecological restoration process of marine pasture,weinvestigate the concentrations of phytoplankton and nutrients in water columns that collected from the marine farming zone ofHaizhou Bay between2008and2015.The variations of phytoplankton community structures and their driving factors were analyzed.The correlations and canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)were used to explore the main driving factors of phytoplanktoncommunity changes based on their seasonal data.The results showed that during the survey period,the highest concentration ofphytoplankton species was found in autumn,followed by summer and spring,and diatoms and dinoflagellates were found as thedominant species in the studied population.The proportion of diatoms and dinoflagellate in the total population was90.24%,84.25%,77.61%and10.91%,12.33%,16.83%in the autumn,summer and spring,respectively.The correlation and canonical correspondenceanalyses of phytoplankton communities showed that in the summer and autumn,the Y values of the first and second dominantspecies were small,while high abundance and evenness had been found for other phytoplankton species.In contrast,the Y value ofthe first and second dominant species were high and the diversity and abundance for other species are low in spring.The resultspresented that the dissolved oxygen(DO)was the major environmental factor for driving the changes of dominances ofCoscinodiscalesin in spring and summer.However,in autumn,the environmental conditions are found to be adequate for thedevelopment of phytoplankton community.And the interspecific competition between phytoplanktons was the main reason forshowing lowest Y of the dominant species in spring and the highest richness and evenness in the other three seasons.

关 键 词：浮游植物 优势种 物种多样性 群落结构 环境因子 海州湾 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]