张家口市一次沙尘天气气溶胶单颗粒理化特征和来源研究  

Chemical and Physical Characteristics and Sources of Single Particle Aerosols during A Dust Event in Zhangjiakou

作　　者：李思思[1,2] 黄正旭[1,2] 王存美 李惠玲 李梅[1,2] 周振[1,2] LI Sisi;HUANG Zhengxu;WANG Cunmei;LI Huiling;LI Mei;ZHOU Zhen(Institute of Mass Spectrometer and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for air pollution online source apportionment system, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;Zhangjiakou Environmental Monitor Station, Zhangjiakou 075000, China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学质谱仪器与大气环境研究所,广东广州510632 [2]广东省大气污染在线源解析系统工程技术研究中心,广东广州510632 [3]张家口市环境监测站,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2017年第3期437-444,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：科技部科技支撑项目(2014BAC21B01);2014年广东省公益研究与能力建设专项资金重点项目(2014B020216005);广东省自然基金项目(2015A030313339);珠江科技新星专项(201506010013)

摘　　要：为了从单颗粒角度了解沙尘天气颗粒物特征和来源,利用单颗粒气溶胶飞行时间质谱仪(SPAMS)对张家口市2016年春季一次沙尘天气期间的气溶胶颗粒进行了化学组分、粒径分布和来源的分析。根据颗粒的质谱图特征,将其分为沙尘(Dust)和非沙尘(Non-dust)颗粒两大类,两者占比分别为12.9%和87.1%。Dust颗粒粒径主要分布在0.5~1.1μm,包含沙尘-铝(Dust-Al)、沙尘-硅(Dust-Si)、沙尘-金属(Dust-metal)、沙尘-钙(Dust-Ca)颗粒4个主要子类别,比例均超过20%,表现出明显的矿尘颗粒特征。非沙尘类颗粒分布在0.4~0.8μm粒径段,包含4个子类别:含碳(Carbonaceous)、富钾(K-rich)、工业金属(Industrial Metal)和其他颗粒(Other)。结合后向轨迹分析,沙尘颗粒可能主要来自新疆、蒙古、内蒙古等地区的沙尘源,少部分来自当地、山西等地的矿尘源、工业源;非沙尘颗粒可能主要来自当地及周边地区工业排放和燃煤;Dust颗粒的NO_3^-/HSO_4^-(颗粒数)比值为1.31,颗粒老化程度较高。含Cl的Dust颗粒物占比为32%,说明颗粒中混有人为组分。研究结果表明SPAMS可用于沙尘天气颗粒物理化特征和来源的在线分析,可为沙尘防治提供参考信息。In order to understand the origin and characteristics of particles during dust days from the aspect of single particles,a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer(SPAMS)was employed to analyze the chemical composition,size distributions,and sources of aerosol particles during a dust event in the spring of2016in Zhangjiakou.According to particle mass spectra,the particles were classified as two main categories:dust particles and non-dust particles,which accounted for12.9%and87.1%of total particle number.Dust particles were mainly in the size of0.5~1.1阿,which included four major subtypes:dust-Al,dust-Si,dust-metal,and dust-Ca particles.Each subtype of particles accounted for more than20%of total number of dust-containing particles,with the significant characteristics of mineral particles.Non-dust particles were mainly in the size of0.4~0.8^m,which included four subtypes:carbonaceous,K-rich,industrial metal,and other particles.In combination with backward trajectory analysis,dust particles could mainly originate from the dust sources of Xinjiang,Mongolia,and Inner Mongolia,and a small part from the mineral and industrial sources of Zhangjiakou and Shanxi.No-dust particles are possible to be mainly contributed by the industrial emissions and coal burning of local and surrounding areas of Zhangjiakou.The ratio of N〇3"/HS〇4"(number concentration)is1.31in dust particles,indicating a high degree of particle aging.Cl-containing particles accounted for32%of the total number of dust particles,indicating mixed artificial components.Our results showed that the SPAMS can be used to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics and sources of single particles on line during the dust event,and can provide referable information for taking effective measures to prevent and reduce dust events.

关 键 词：单颗粒气溶胶飞行时间质谱仪 沙尘 单颗粒 源解析 

分 类 号：X131.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]