组织化脆弱就业——以大上海地区服装加工业为例  

Organized Precarious Work:A Case Study of the Garment Industry in Great-Shanghai Areas

作　　者：刘爱玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学社会学系

出　　处：《社会发展研究》2017年第2期1-22,共22页Journal of Social Development

基　　金：ESRC/DFID Phase2资助的<中国和印度的劳动条件与工作穷人>项目

摘　　要：非稳定就业是当前劳动研究领域中的重要问题。工作不稳定与无保障表现为在一个单位工作的平均年限降低、长期失业增加、工作无保障感增加和非正规就业的增加;市场化改革与企业改制/重构、经济结构的"非国有化"、需求约束的劳动力市场和经济全球化的合力是促成上述现象的主要原因。本研究尤其关注了大上海区域浙江平湖市服装加工业劳动力非稳定就业状况,特别是当地"炒工"团体所形成的"组织化的非稳定就业"现象。研究发现,此种劳动力就业形式型构了我国服装加工业劳动力市场的形态,并在当前国际服装产业链条末端形成一种非稳定就业固化的趋势。Precarious work is an important and longstanding issue in labor studies. The core characteristics of it are insecurity and instability,with the decrease in work tenure in an organization,the increase in long-term unemployment,and a sense of insecurity and informal employment in practice.These phenomena are the main results of the ownership reform and enterprise restructuring,privatization of economic structure,demands-bond labor market and economic globalization in the past decades. This research is a case study of the garment industry in City S in the east of Zhejiang province,focusing on the precarious employment phenomenon in the garment industry as a labor-intensive section. We find that the precarious employment presents an organized feature,because of the emergence of‘Chao-gong'organization among the garment workers. As a result,the organized precarious employment is causing a stabilizing trend of precarious work, which will bring big challenge to both the garment industry development and the workers' right protection.

关 键 词：组织化脆弱就业 “炒工” 团队 分包制 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] F426.86[经济管理—国民经济]