克隆整合在空心莲子草抗病原真菌中的作用  

Effects of Clonal Integration on the Resistance of Alternanthera philoxeroides to Fungi Pathogen

作　　者：祁珊珊[1] 吴俊[1] 陈琪[1] 万凌云[1] 李健[1] 戴志聪[1,2,3] 杜道林[1,2] QI Shanshan;WU Jun;CHEN Qi;WAN Lingyun;LI Jian;DAI Zhicong;DU Daolin(Institute of Environment and Ecology, Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering,Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education & Jiangsu Province, Zhenjiang 212013, China;Jingjiang College, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学环境与安全工程学院环境健康与生态安全研究院,江苏镇江212013 [2]江苏大学农业工程研究院,江苏镇江212013 [3]江苏大学京江学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2017年第5期729-734,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31600326;31570414);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20150503);中国博士后基金项目(2016M590416;2016M591773);江苏省高校自然科学基金项目(14KJB610005);江苏大学高级人才启动基金项目(15JDG032);江苏大学科研立项(16A157)

摘　　要：入侵克隆杂草——空心莲子草在其入侵地给自然环境及社会经济造成严重危害,研究发现其野外种群很少感染病害。克隆整合作用在空心莲子草的生长发育中起着重要的作用,然而克隆整合作用对其抗病性影响的研究却很少。因此,设置实验以验证克隆整合在空心莲子草的抗病原真菌中是否起重要的作用。试验结果表明,空心莲子草的抗病原真菌能力显著强于同科植物苋菜,在接种病原真菌立枯丝核菌40 h后,苋菜叶片的侵染面积达到50%以上,而空心莲子草叶片的侵染面积不到10%;且克隆整合作用促进了空心莲子草顶端分株的地上部分的生长,茎段相连处理下,顶端的茎长、茎节数、茎的生物量、叶片数量、叶片生物量都显著高于基端,而茎段剪切处理下,顶端分株的地上部分生长并不显著大于基端分株;叶片接种病原真菌立枯丝核菌后,相连的顶端分株的总酚含量显著高于切断分株的顶端分株的含量。且二次接种病原菌后,相连分株的病原真菌侵染叶片面积不到0.1 cm^2,显著小于剪切分株的叶片侵染面积(>0.8 cm^2)。结果表明,克隆整合作用不仅促进了空心莲子草相连分株的地上部分的生长,也提高了其抗病原真菌的能力。The invasive clonal weed Alternanthera philoxerodies caused serious ecological damage,and also caused huge economiclost in its invaded habitats.It was reported that A.philoxerodies was attacked by few pathogens in the field.Although clonalintegration plays important roles in the growth of A.philoxerodies,there are few studies to discuss the effects of clonal integration onits resistance to pathogen.Hence,we conducted experiments to test whether clonal integration plays significant roles in the resistanceof A.philoxerodies to pathogen.The results showed that the resistance abilities of A.philoxerodies to fungi pathogen Rhizoctoniasolani are greatly higher than that of Amaranthus tricolor which is in the same family.After40h of the incubation,the infection areawas over than50%in A.tricolor in comparison of the infection area was only less than10%in A.philoxerodies.Clonal integrationsignificantly promoted the growth of aboveground part in apical ramet.Under the connected treatment,the shoot length,shootnumber,shoot biomass,leaf number and leaf biomass of the apical part were significantly higher than that of the basal part.Incontrast,there were no differences under the severed treatment.After fungi pathogen R.solani infected,the content of phenol ofapical ramet with clonal integration was significantly higher than that of the severed treatment.And the connected leaf infected areawas decreased after the second infection.The infected area of the connected ramet was less than0.1cm2and the infected area ofsevered ramet was larger than0.8cm2.Our results showed that clonal integration could promote the growth of the aboveground partand increase the resistance abilities of clonal weed A.philoxerodies to pathogen.

关 键 词：克隆整合 空心莲子草 抗病 病原真菌 克隆入侵杂草 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学] X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]