滦河流域土地利用对大型底栖动物生物指数的路径分析  

Effects of land use patterns on biological indices of macroinvertebrates via multiple pathways in the Luan River watershed

作　　者：马凯[1,2,3] 张海萍[3] 渠晓东[3] 黄晓荣[1,2] 张敏[3] 刘晓波[3] MA Kai;ZHANG Hai-ping;QU Xiao-dong;HUANG Xiao-rong;ZHANG Ming;LIU Xiao-bo(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Chengdu 610065, China;College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学,水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学水利水电学院,四川成都610065 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2017年第7期2674-2683,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41501204,51479219,51579161);中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(WE0145B062016)

摘　　要：基于滦河流域65个样点的河流景观与大型底栖动物调查数据,分别采用回归分析、排序分析等统计方法和结构方程模型,探讨了流域尺度的土地利用格局对大型底栖动物群落及其重要生物指数的影响路径.结果表明:1)对大型底栖动物群落结构产生影响的主要水环境和物理生境是电导率、全氮含量和细粒物质比例;2)基于关键因子构建的结构方程模型,分别对底栖动物生物完整性指数、香农-威纳多样性指数和总分类单元数指数的总体解释度达到47%、33%和47%,其路径分析结果指出,流域土地利用格局(耕地%、草地%)影响水环境状况(氨氮、总磷、电导率),进而影响了大型底栖动物群落结构及生态功能.研究表明结构方程模型可有效探讨流域尺度土地利用格局对河流大型底栖动物影响的路径,相关结果可为了解不同尺度人类活动对河流生物的影响过程,以及河流生态修复提供重要的参考依据.Based on ecological surveys of65sites within the Luan River watershed,we analyzed multiple pathways about how land use patterns affect biological indices of macroinvertebrates by using statistical analysis and Structural Equation Model(SEM).The results showed that conductivity,concentration of total nitrogen and percentage of fine sediments were the mostly dominant variables of water quality and habitat environment,those which affected the biological indices of macroinvertebrates in the reach scale.Based on key factors selection,SEM models explained47%,33%and47%of variations of indices of biological integrity,Shannon-Winner diversity,taxa richness of macroinvertebrates,respectively.The path coefficient(Pc)indicated that percentages of cropland and grassland in the watershed scale directly and significantly affected the ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus and conductivity in the river reach scale.Then those water quality variables directly and significantly affected the community structure and ecological function of macroinvertebrates.This study confirmed that the SEM models could be used effectively to explore pathways through complex and multiple land uses scales,and provide important reference and recommendations for river protection and restoration.

关 键 词：土地利用格局 大型底栖动物 路径分析 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]