滇中地区夏季城市热岛效应的数值模拟研究  

Numerical Study of Summertime Urban Heat Island in Dianzhong

作　　者：郑亦佳[1,2] 刘树华[1] 何萍[3] 缪育聪[4] 王姝[5] ZHENG Yijia;LIU Shuhua;HE Ping;MIAO Yucong;WANG Shu(Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871;Zhejiang Meteorological Observatory, Hangzhou 310017;The college of Geography and Tourism Management, Chuxiong Normal University,Chuxiong 675000;Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081;State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy and Storage Systems, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192)

机构地区：[1]北京大学物理学院大气与海洋科学系,北京100871 [2]浙江省气象台,杭州310017 [3]云南楚雄师范学院地理科学与旅游管理学院,楚雄675000 [4]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [5]中国电力科学研究院新能源与储能运行控制国家重点实验室,北京100192

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第4期639-651,共13页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41465001);国家电网公司科技项目资助

摘　　要：为了探究滇中地区不同城市化程度和湖泊下垫面对城市热岛效应的影响,利用中尺度气象模式WRF(the weather research and forecasting model)对昆明等城市的夏季城市热岛效应进行模拟研究。结果显示,夏季夜间,昆明等城市的热岛现象具有明显的下游效应,城市的扩张使得城市热岛下游效应的影响范围扩大,但热岛的强度不会明显地增强。城市的存在会增加地表的粗糙度,使得夜间的近地面风速减小。在白天,湖泊和城市下垫面主要通过改变局地的热力差异影响近地面的风速,城市的存在会加强湖泊与陆地间的热力差异,促进湖陆风环流,进而加大近地面的风速。城市的存在还会减少下垫面对低层水汽的供应,但城市面积的增加对低层水汽的影响相对较小。清晨,城市地区表现为湿岛(湿度较周边地区略大),这与城市地区的近地面辐合流场有关;而在其他时段,城市地区多为干岛(湿度比周边地区低),且干岛现象也存在下游效应。In order to study the effect of urbanization and lakes on the urban heat island(UHI)effect of cities in Yunnan midland in summer,the weather research forecasting model(WRF)numerical model is used.The downwind urban heat island is found in these cities in the summer night.The expansion of city will expand the scope of the downwind urban heat island,but the intensity of the heat island would not be enhanced significantly.The presence of the city will change the surface roughness,resulting in the reduction of wind speed near the surface.In the daytime,lakes and the city influence surface wind speed by changing the local thermal difference.The existence of city increases the thermal difference between city and lake,which enhances both the lake-land breeze and the surface wind speed.The presence of city will reduce the supply of low-level moisture,but the impact of urban expansion on moisture is relatively small.In the early morning,the wet island exists in the city(humidity in city is slightly larger than the surrounding area),due to the convergence filled near surface.At other moments,the dry island exists in the city(humidity in city is smaller than the surrounding area),and has the downwind effect as well.

关 键 词：城市热岛 湖陆风 WRF模式 滇中地区 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]