饲料中棕榈油替代鱼油和豆油对黄颡鱼生长和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响  

EFFECTS OF SUBSTITUTING PALM OIL FOR FISH OIL AND SOY OIL IN FEED ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND MUSCULAR FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF PELTEOBAGRUS VACHELLI

作　　者：赵帅兵[1,2] 吴文俊 代小芳 朱凌盈 陆裕肖 吴天星[1,2] ZHAO Shuai-Bing;WU Wen-Jun;DAI Xiao-Fang;ZHU Ling-Ying;LU Yu-Xiao;WU Tian-Xing(Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;Ningbo Tech-bank Co., Ltd,Yuyao 315400, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学理学院化学系,杭州310027 [2]宁波天邦股份有限公司,余姚315400

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2017年第5期1000-1009,共10页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：浙江省博士后科研项目择优资助~~

摘　　要：为研究不同棕榈油替代水平对黄颡鱼生长性能、肌肉脂肪酸组成、形体指标和肝脏组织结构的影响,实验采用5组等氮(400 g/kg)等脂(100 g/kg)等能(15.70 MJ/kg)饲料饲喂黄颡鱼[(16.15±0.04)g],对照饲料以鱼油鲶豆油1鲶2混合为脂肪源,实验饲料以棕榈油分别替代10、25、40和55 g/kg的混合脂肪源。经过8周的养殖实验,结果表明棕榈油替代水平对黄颡鱼的摄食量、终末体重、特定生长率、饲料效率和蛋白沉积率未产生显著性的影响(P>0.05),但是上述指标均呈现先升高后略微下降的趋势,并在25 g/kg替代组达到最大值。背肌肌肉中亚油酸和n-3HUFA含量随着棕榈油替代水平的上升而显著下降(P<0.05),但n-3/n-6比值随着棕榈油替代水平的上升而显著上升(P<0.05),棕榈油替代水平对各组黄颡鱼的肥满度和脏体比未产生显著性的影响(P>0.05),但是55 g/kg棕榈油替代水平组肝体比显著高于25 g/kg棕榈油添加组(P<0.05),且55 g/kg棕榈油替代水平组黄颡鱼的肝脏组织出现细胞肿胀,细胞核移位,肝血窦和脂肪细胞数量明显增多等不良影响。据上所述:对于黄颡鱼幼鱼,棕榈油可以替代25 g/kg的混合脂肪源(鱼油鲶豆油=1鲶2)不影响鱼体生长性能并且在一定程度上改善了背肌肌肉脂肪酸组成。To investigate the effects of dietary replacement of fish-soy oil mixtures by palm oil on growth performance,feed utilization,muscular fatty acid composition,morphological index and liver tissue structure of yellow catfish(Pelteobagrusvachelli Richardson),five iso-proteic(400g/kg),iso-lipidic(100g/kg)and iso-energetic(15.70MJ/kg)dietswere formulated,in which the control group was supplemented with1鲶2fish-soy oil mixtures,and trial groups adopteddifferent palm oil level(10g/kg,25g/kg,40g/kg and55g/kg)to replace the mixture oil,respectively.For a8-weektrial.The results showed that dietary palm oil replacement had no significant effect on the feed intake,body weight,growth rate,feed efficiency,and protein retention efficiency(P>0.05).All the above parameters were increased with increasingdietary palm oil replacement level up to25g/kg,and then decreased.LA and n-3HUFA concentrations indorsal muscle significantly decreased with increasing dietary palm oil replacement level(P<0.05),while muscularn-3/n-6significantly increased with increasing dietary palm oil replacement level(P<0.05).Furthermore,there were nosignificant difference in condition factor and viscerosomatic index among different groups(P>0.05).However,hepatosomaticindex of55g/kg palm oil group was significantly higher than that of25g/kg palm oil group(P<0.05).Theswelling hepatocytes with nuclei displacement and the increasing number of hepatic sinusoid and lipid cells were observedin55g/kg palm oil group.In conclusion,palm oil that replace1:2fish-soy oil mixtures up to25g/kg had no significanteffect on the growth performance but improved the fatty acid profile of dorsal muscle.

关 键 词：棕榈油 黄颡鱼 生长 饲料利用 肌肉脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]