珠三角河网地区粪便污染源解析  

Microbial source tracking of fecal contamination in the Pearl River Delta region

作　　者：张杨[1,2] 吴仁人[2,3] 张一敏 武兵文[5] 吴孝情 陈中颖 李开明[2,3] ZHANG Yang;WU Ren-ren;ZHANG Yi-min;WU Bing-wen;WU Xiao-qing;CHEN Zhong-ying;LI Kai-ming(College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China;South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China;The key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510655;College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China;School Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang GongShang University, Hangzhou 310000, China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广东广州510655 [3]广东省水与大气污染防治重点实验室,广东广州510655 [4]武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430081 [5]浙江工商大学环境科学与工程学院,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2017年第9期3446-3454,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41303054);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项

摘　　要：准确识别水体中微生物污染物的宿主来源是进行针对性污染治理的基础.应用实时荧光定量PCR(q PCR)技术筛选出适用于珠江三角洲河网地区的宿主特异性拟杆菌引物,并结合总细菌引物(BACT1369F/PROK1541R)、大肠埃希氏菌引物(EC23S857F/EC23S857R)、拟杆菌通用引物(Gen Bac3F/Gen Bac3R)及粪大肠菌群(Fecal coliform)和大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia coli)等常规水质指标对研究区域的水体进行分析,结果表明:人源(q HS601F/q Bac725R)、牛源(Bac B2-590F/Bac708Rm)、猪源(Bac41F/Bac163R)及鸡源(q C160F-HU/q Bac265R-HU)特异性拟杆菌引物在珠江三角洲地区同时具有较高的灵敏度和较强的特异性,适用于目标研究区域.选取的14处城市地表水均受到粪便污染,污染源分别为人、反刍动物和禽类粪便.水体中各污染源强度为人源>反刍动物>鸡源,其中人源特异性拟杆菌浓度与粪大肠菌群(Faecal coliform)、大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia coli)及大肠埃希氏菌引物(EC23S857F/EC23S857R)浓度具有较好的相关性(P<0.05),说明人粪是各地表水中微生物污染的主要贡献源.Identification of the host source of microbial contaminants accurately is the basis for targeted treatment in water.To analyze the feature of pollution in the Pearl River Delta Region,qPCR method was applied to choose the suitablespecific bacteroides primer,and culture-method was combined which detected the Fecal coliform and Escherichia coli toassess the water quality and the sources of fecal pollution in target area.The results showed that human-specific markerqHS601F/qBac725R,ruminant-specific marker BacB2-590F/Bac708Rm,porcine-specific marker Bac41F/Bac163R andchicken-specific marker qC160F-HU/qBac265R-HU had higher sensitivity and specificity in the Pearl River Delta region.14sampling sites were polluted by human,ruminant and poultry fecal.The intensity of pollution by different source wasfound to be human>ruminant>poultry.And the concentration of qHS601F/qBac725R had a significant correlationshipwith Fecal coliform,Escherichia coli and EC23S857F/EC23S857R(P<0.05).It reflects that the major contribute ofpollutant source was human.

关 键 词：实时荧光定量PCR 微生物污染 拟杆菌 特异性引物 珠江三角洲地区 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]