人脱细胞羊膜在构建组织工程支架中的应用及研究方向  

Application of human acelluar amniotic membrane in tissue engineered scaffold construction

作　　者：杨继滨 熊华章[1] 李豫皖[1] 刘毅[1] Yang Ji-bin;Xiong Hua-zhang;Li Yu-wan;Liu Yi(The First Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China)

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院附属医院骨一科,贵州省遵义市563000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2017年第25期4078-4084,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：贵州省科技厅社会发展科技攻关项目(黔社科合SY字[2010]3091);贵州省科学技术基金资助项目(黔科合LH字[2016]7477号)~~

摘　　要：背景:人脱细胞羊膜是一种良好的具有生物相容性及生物活性的细胞外基质材料,因其免疫原性低、排异反应小、取材容易等优点,被广泛用于临床研究。目的:综述人脱细胞羊膜在皮肤、血管、角膜、软骨及骨等组织工程中的应用。方法:由第一作者检索中国知网(2005年1月至2017年5月)、中国生物医学文献数据库(2005年1月至2017年5月)、PubMed数据库(1990年1月至2017年5月)及Elsevier数据库(1990年1月至2017年5月),有关人脱细胞羊膜在骨、软骨、皮肤、血管等组织工程中应用的文章,中文关键词为"脱细胞羊膜,支架,组织工程,细胞外基质",英文关键词为"acelluar amniotic membrane,scaffold,material,tissue engineering,ECM"。结果与结论:人脱细胞羊膜具有天然的细胞外基质结构及功能,与不同来源干细胞复合后经诱导可向不同的组织和器官分化,例如骨、软骨、皮肤、血管及角膜组织等。人脱细胞羊膜作为组织工程支架具有良好的生物相容性、可降解性及低免疫原性等优点,但其也存在一些不足,包括强度欠佳、植入后可能存在排异反应等。缩短细胞与人脱细胞羊膜支架的黏附时间,增加人脱细胞羊膜的自身机械强度,优化细胞生长微环境,将人脱细胞羊膜与其他组织工程支架相互结合,是今后研究的主要方向。BACKGROUND:Human acellular amniotic membrane is a kind of extracellular matrix material with good biocompatibility and biological activity.It has been widely used in various clinical studies because of its low immunogenicity,small rejection and easy preparation.OBJECTIVE:To review the applications of human acellular amniotic membranes in tissue engineering field,suchas skin,blood vessel,cornea,cartilage and bone.METHODS:CNKI(from January2005to May2017),CBMdisc(from January2005to May2017),PubMed(from January1990to May2017)and Elsevier(from January1990to May2017)were retrieved for articles addressing the application of human acellular amniotic membrane as a tissue-engineered scaffold in the bone,cartilage,skin,and blood vessels.The keywords were“acelluar amniotic membrane,scaffold,material,tissue engineering ECM"in Chinese and English,respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Human acellular amniotic membrane owns the structure and function of the natural extracellular matrix,which can be combined with stem cells from different sources to differentiate into different tissues and organs,such as bone,cartilage,skin,blood vessel,and corneal tissues.As a tissue-engineered scaffold,human acellular amniotic membrane has good biocompatibility,biodegradability and low immunogenicity,although it has some shortcomings,such as poor strength and post-transplantation rejection reactions.Therefore,the future studies are mainly focused on shortening the adhesion time between cells and scaffolds,increasing the own mechanical strength of human acellular amniotic membrane,optimizing the cell growth microenvironment,and combining human acellular amniotic membrane with other tissue-engineered scaffolds.

关 键 词：干细胞 脱细胞羊膜 组织工程 支架 细胞外基质 生物相容性 研究进展 修复 重建 免疫 

分 类 号：R394.2[医药卫生—医学遗传学]