北京灵山野生侧耳的分离鉴定与人工驯化  

Isolation,identification,and artificial domestication cultivation of a wild oyster mushroom from Lingshan mountain,Beijing

作　　者：孔繁帝 王贺祥[2] 宋渊[2] 陈青君[3] 张国庆 韩鹏 KONG Fandi;WANG Hexiang;SONG Yuan;CHEN Qingjun;ZHANG Guoqing;HAN Peng(Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) Ministry of Agriculture/College of Biological Science and Engineering,Beijing102206,China;Plant Science and Technology College,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing102206,China;College of Biosciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing100193,China)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院生物科学与工程学院/农业部华北都市农业重点实验室,北京100193 [2]中国农业大学生物学院,北京100193 [3]北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京102206

出　　处：《北京农学院学报》2018年第1期31-36,共6页Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(5162006);北京市科技新星计划项目(xx2015B025);北京市大学生科创项目资助

摘　　要：【目的】从北京市门头沟区的灵山采集野生浅黄白色侧耳子实体,开展分离鉴定、人工驯化和产酶特性研究,以获得具有商品价值的平菇新品种。【方法】采用组织分离法获得菌株纯培养,编号F1636。采用形态和分子系统学鉴定手段,确定其分类学地位;进一步以78%棉花壳、20%麦麸、1%葡萄糖、1%石灰为栽培培养基进行出菇试验;测定子实体蛋白酶、漆酶、锰过氧化物酶和木素过氧化物酶活性。【结果】结果表明,F1635菌株为肺形侧耳(Pleurotus pulmonarius),能够在以棉籽壳为主要基质的培养基上出菇,子实体菌盖灰白色,并且在夏季高温季节(28~30℃)出菇,菇形整齐。子实体具有较高的产漆酶和蛋白酶活性,粗提液中酶活分别为(332.1±7.5)U/mL和(3 931.0±427.2)U/mL。本研究分离并驯化一株灰白色肺形侧耳菌株,具有潜在商品开发前景。【Objective】A wild oyster mushroom with pale yellow white fruiting bodies was collected from Lingshan mountain in Mentougou District of Beijing.To validate the potentially commercial values of this oyster mushroom,isolation,identification,cultivation,and enzymatic characteristics were proposed in this study.【Methods】Pure strain was obtained using tissue separation and purification methods.The purified strain was numbered as F1636.Taxonomic study of the strain was based on morphological and phylogenetical analyses.A substrate consisting of78%cottonseed hull,20%bran,1%glucose and1%lime was used to cultivate F1636.Protease,laccase,manganese peroxidase,and lignin peroxidase activities of fresh cultured mushroom were also investigated.【Results】The present strain was identified as Pleurotus pulmonarius.This mushroom can be well cultivated by using of cottonseed hull as the main culture mediaand produce greyish white pilei.Moreover,this mushroom can fruite in summer at28～30℃with regularly shaped fruiting bodies.The fruiting bodies possessed high laccase and protease activities of332.1±7.5U/mL and3931.0±427.2U/mL in the crude extract,respectively.In summary,the mushroom P.pulmonarius with greyish white pileal surface was isolated and artificially cultured,suggesting its potential commercial applications.

关 键 词：侧耳 形态鉴定 ITS鉴定 人工驯化 

分 类 号：Q939.5[生物学—微生物学]