自杀未遂者生活满意度主观评价及其对自杀行为的影响  

Life Satisfaction Measurement of Suicide Attempters and its Effect on Suicide Behaviors:a Case-control Study

作　　者：徐东[1] 李献云[1] 庞宇[1] 童永胜[1] 张学立 曹孔敬 许永臣 XU Dong;LI Xian-yun;PANG Yu;TONG Yong-sheng;ZHANG Xue-li;CAO Kong-jing;XU Yong-chen(WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Center, Beijing Hui Long Guan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China;People’s Hospital of Yuncheng County, Yuncheng 274700,China)

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院,世界卫生组织自杀预防研究与培训中心,北京心理危机研究与干预中心,北京100096 [2]山东郓城县人民医院,郓城274700

出　　处：《伤害医学（电子版）》2015年第4期1-4,共4页Injury Medicine(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：世界卫生组织SUPRE-MISS项目

摘　　要：目的了解自杀未遂者对不同时期生活满意度的主观评价特点，探讨生活满意度主观评价与自杀强度及再次出现自杀行为的关系。方法对115例住院自杀未遂者及与其性别、年龄、居住地匹配的115例无自杀行为者不同时期生活满意度主观感受进行调查，评估未遂者自杀行为强度及有无精神疾病，追踪随访6年，了解再次自杀情况后进行比较。结果自杀未遂者不同时期生活满意度主观评价得分明显低于正常对照组，差异有统计学意义(Z值为3.07～8.61，P均<0.01)。74例无精神疾病自杀未遂者不同时期生活满意度主观评价得分低于其匹配的对照组，差异有统计学意义(Z值为-12.10～-2.24，P<0.05)。资料表明，自杀未遂者生活满意度的主观评价随时间变化有所不同，自杀当时评价最低，远离自杀的时间越远，评价越高。自杀未遂者不同时期生活满意度主观评价得分与自杀强度得分［得分范围1～20，(8.2±4.3)分］均呈正相关，有统计学意义(r值为-0.284～-0.379，P均<0.01)。115例未遂者中21例在出院后6年内再次出现自杀行为。21例再次出现自杀行为者不同时期满意度主观评价得分低于94例未再次出现者，均有统计学意义(Z值4.56～12.20，P＜0.05)。Logistic回归分析，仅自杀强度(P均＜0.05，OR为3.76～4.52，β为1.32～1.51)进入方程，与未遂者再次自杀联系紧密。讨论自杀未遂者不同时期生活满意度主观评价低并与自杀强度、再次自杀有关。危机干预工作者应采取认知行为技术努力提升自杀未遂者生活满意度主观感受水平，降低未遂者再次自杀风险。Objective To understand the degree of life satisfaction of suicide attempters and examine the relationship between the degrees and both suicide intention and repeated suicide behaviors.Methods115suicide attempters and115controls without history of suicide attempt were recruited and surveyed.They were asked to report the degrees of their Life satisfaction in different periods.The115attempters were assessed for the scale of suicide intention and diagnosis of mental illness.Controls were matched by gender,age and location of residence.The attempters were followed up for six years in order to get information about their repeated suicide behaviors.Results The degree of life satisfaction was significantly lower in attempters than in non-attempters(Z for-3.07-8.61,<0.05).It was also lower in74attempters who had no mental illness compared to the matched controls(Z for-12.10～-2.24,P<0.05).The degree was the lowest in attempters when they were executing the suicide behavior;whereas it was lower when a survey was performed at a further time point.There was a positive correlation between the degree of life satisfaction and the intensity of suicide intention in attempters(r for-0.284～-0.379,P<0.05).Of the115attempters,21repeated suicide behaviors within six years after the first attempt.And they showed a lower satisfaction compared to non-repeaters(Z for4.56～12.20,P<0.05).Binary logistic regression showed that suicide repetition was associated with suicide intention(P<0.05,OR for3.76～4.52,βfor1.32～1.51)Conclusions The low life satisfaction of attempters is an important player in suicide prevention,work should be done to raise the life satisfaction level of attempters and prevent attempters from suicide once more.

关 键 词：自杀未遂者 生活满意度 自杀强度 再次自杀 病例对照研究 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学] C913.9[哲学宗教—心理学]