竞争效应、共谋效应与跨国公司选址--基于垂直相关市场的研究  

Competitive Effect,Collusive Effect and the Location Selection of FDI——A View on Vertically Related Market

作　　者：张晓燕 杜诗晗 王聪 Zhang Xiaoyan;Du Shihan;Wang Cong(University of International Business and Economics,School of International Trade and Economics,Beijing 100000)

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学国际经济贸易学院 [2]Copenhagen Business School [3]University of International Business and Economics,School of International Trade and Economics,beijing100000

出　　处：《宏观质量研究》2017年第4期42-51,共10页Journal of Macro-quality Research

摘　　要：本文分析了垂直相关市场中,政府之间对FDI的政策竞争及其福利效应。利用非对称两国模型,假设两国各拥有一家上游企业以及一体化企业。结论表明,跨国公司的选址取决于竞争效应、共谋效应以及政府补贴政策的共同作用。其中,共谋效应是指,垂直相关市场中,当下游企业向其竞争对手购买某种重要的中间产品时,由于企业在最终产品市场的行为会影响来自中间产品市场的利润,因此企业之间会有动机进行共谋,降低最终产品市场的竞争,提高市场均衡价格,从而两企业都可以获得更高的利润。竞争效应是指,跨国公司在不存在其他竞争者的市场环境中生产运营获得的收益,即企业作为当地市场中唯一的生产者,它将从竞争较低的市场环境中获益。在此基础上,我们分析了FDI竞争的福利效应及政策含义。具体来说,当一国相对优势较强,即两国非对称性较显著时,FDI竞争将会提高社会福利,此时税收竞争是更有利的;而当一国相对优势较弱,即两国非对称性不显著时,FDI竞争将会使得社会福利降低,此时税收协调是更有利的。This paper analyzes policy competition for FDI and its welfare effects in vertically related market by constructing an asymmetric two-country model,in which one country owns an upstream firm and another owns an integrated firm.The findings show that the equilibrium outcomes of FDI competition are determined by the interactions between the competitive effect,the collusive effect and the subsidy policies of the countries concerned.In terms of the welfare effects derived from the competition for FDI,the paper reveals that the competing country will be bettered off from FDI competition when it has strong comparative advantages but will be worsened off if it only has insignificant ones.

关 键 词：共谋效应 竞争效应 FDI竞争 垂直相关市场 社会福利 

分 类 号：F276.7[经济管理—企业管理]