远射程风送式喷雾机气流场分布及喷雾特性试验  

Test on airflow field and spray characteristics for long-range air-blast sprayer

作　　者：陈建泽[1] 宋淑然 孙道宗 洪添胜[1,3,4,5] 张龙 Chen Jianze;Song Shuran;Sun Daozong;Hong Tiansheng;Zhang Long(College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;College of Electronic Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;Division of Citrus Machinery, China Agriculture Research System, Guangzhou 510642, China;Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Monitoring Agricultural Information, Guangzhou 510642, China;Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Mountainous Orchard Machinery, Guangzhou 510642, China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学工程学院,广州510642 [2]华南农业大学电子工程学院,广州510642 [3]国家柑橘产业技术体系机械研究室,广州510642 [4]广东省农情信息监测工程技术研究中心,广州510642 [5]广东省山地果园机械创新工程技术研究中心,广州510642

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2017年第24期72-79,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31671591);广东省农业标准化研究项目粤质监标函{2016}【369】号;广州市科技计划项目(201607010362;201605030013);广东省科技计划项目(2015B090901031);"扬帆计划"引进创新创业团队专项(201312G06);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-27)

摘　　要：由于远射程风送式喷雾机的空间风场及喷雾特性尚未明确,该文利用风速测量定位网架,进行了远射程风送式喷雾机空间风场特性试验和喷幅试验。试验结果发现,远射程风送式喷雾机轴心上的纵向时均风速随采样点距喷嘴距离的增加而衰减,两者呈负对数关系,这一特征符合淹没射流的流速变化规律;远射程风送式喷雾机轴心方向同一采样点上的风速与风机供电频率之间呈线性正相关,决定系数最低为0.609 1;远射程风送式喷雾机的水平喷幅关于喷筒轴心方向左右对称;而垂直喷幅在喷筒轴心方向的上下方呈现为不对称;远射程风送式喷雾远射程风送式喷雾机的送风量及出风口气流的时均风速均与风机供电电源的频率成正比;采用纸卡法测量了喷雾机的水平作业幅宽,该试验样机的水平作业幅宽为22 m。卷吸引起的伯努利效应和附壁效应是形成垂直喷幅不对称的重要原因,采用喷筒仰角喷雾可消除此效应。研究结果为远射程风送式喷雾机的生产和使用提供理论基础与参考。When the long-range air-blast sprayer is carrying out spraying,droplets are sent to the distant targets by the high speed air flow from fan.At the same time,the air flow in spatial wind field will blow the targets and shake the target branches,which allows droplets attachment to the back and surface of leaves of target crops as well as the surface and inner of the fruit tree canopy.It has been reported that the deposition and distribution of droplets on the fruit trees are mainly affected by blowing volume of air-blast sprayer fan,which is determined by the wind speed of the fan.Therefore,the characteristics of wind field with air-blast sprayer and the variations of wind speed will directly affect the control effects on pests and diseases in orchards.Scholars from China and other countries have done much research on the air-assisted sprayer in orchards.The range of the sprayer is relatively short,which can be applied to the orchard plant protection in plain areas.In addition,in the research on the long-range air-blast sprayer(also called cannon sprayer),most of them focus on the penetrativity,deposition and distribution of droplets,optimal designs of sprayer and variations of droplet diameter.Based on above,the study in this paper focused on spatial wind field and spray characteristics for long-range air-blast sprayer.As the prototype for testing,the long-range air-blast sprayer is equipped with10hollow-cone type nozzles distributed circumferentially,which are evenly distributed on the round outlet edge of spray-duct.The followings are the instruments and equipments used in the test:AZ-8901anemometer with wind speed measurement range of0.4-35m/s,resolution of0.01m/s,and accuracy of±2%;wind speed measurement positioning frame(homemade)which is3m high and2m wide and its grid size is11cm×11cm with a wire radius of1.25mm;a digital microscope with a magnification from1to300.With the wind speed measurement positioning frame,the tests on the characteristics of spatial wind field for long-range air-blast sprayer and on

关 键 词：农业机械 喷雾 风速 远射程 风送 空间风场 喷幅 附壁效应 

分 类 号：S224.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]