不同环境压强下炭黑含量对聚乙烯点火和燃烧性能的影响  

Effects of Carbon Black Content on Ignition and Combustion Performance of Polyethylene at Different Environmental Pressures

作　　者：杨海涛[1] 陈雄[1] 相恒升 巩伦昆[1] 黄波 YANG Haitao;CHEN Xiong;XIANG Hengsheng;GONG Lunkun;HUANG Bo(School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《含能材料》2017年第12期976-981,共6页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：总装备部预先研究项目(404040301)

摘　　要：为了获得炭黑质量分数和环境压强对固体燃料聚乙烯点火和燃烧性能的影响,加工了不同组分配比的固体燃料样品。以CO2激光器作为点火源研究了它们的点火和燃烧特性。用高速摄影仪记录实验过程。用扫描电子显微镜观测了燃烧后的固体燃料表面形貌。分析了不同环境压强下不同组分配比固体燃料的点火燃烧过程、点火延迟时间和燃速。结果表明,固体燃料聚乙烯的点火过程为典型的气相点火,燃烧火焰属扩散火焰。点火延迟时间随着炭黑的加入急剧缩短,当炭黑质量分数大于20%时,炭黑质量分数的增加对点火延迟时间的影响很小。点火延迟时间随着环境压强的增加缩短,当环境压强大于0.2MPa时,环境压强的增加对点火延迟时间的影响也很小。根据实验结果,采用最小二乘法,拟合得到了环境压强为0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5MPa时点火延迟时间与炭黑质量分数的函数关系式。固体燃料的燃速随炭黑质量分数的增大而减小,随压强的增大而增大,当炭黑质量分数大于5%时,炭黑质量分数是影响固体燃料燃速的主要因素。To obtain the effects of mass fraction of carbon black and environmental pressure on the ignition and combustion performance of polyethylene,the solid fuel samples with different composition ratio were processed,their ignition and combustion characteristics were investigated by using a CO2laser as the ignition source.The experimental process was recorded with a high speed camera.The surface morphology of solid fuels after combustion were examined using scanning electron microscope.The ignition and combustion processes,ignition delay time and burning rate of solid fuel samples with different composition ratio at different environment pressures were analyzed.Results show that the ignition process of solid fuel polyethylene is a typical gas phase ignition and combustion flame is a diffusion flame.The ignition delay time shortens sharply with the addition of carbon black,when the mass fraction of carbon black is higher than20%,the effect of increase of mass fraction of carbon black on ignition delay time is very small.The ignition delay time shortens with the increase of environment pressure,when the environment pressure is higher than0.2MPa,the effect of increase of environment pressure on ignition delay time also is very small.According to the experimental results,when the environment pressure is0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5MPa,the function relationship between ignition delay time and mass fraction of carbon black is fitted and obtained by using the least squares method.The burning rate of solid fuels decreases with the increase of mass fraction of carbon black,and increases with the increase of environmental pressure.The mass fraction of carbon black is the main factor affecting the burning rate of solid fuels when the mass fraction of carbon black is higher than5%.

关 键 词：聚乙烯 炭黑含量 环境压强 点火延迟时间 燃速 

分 类 号：V435.12[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]