透明细胞肾细胞癌的表观遗传学研究进展  

Progress in epigenetic study of clear cell renal cell carcinoma

作　　者：高永胜[1,2] 闫少春[1,3,4] 贾小娥[1,3,4] 邵国 GAO Yongsheng;YAN Shaochun;JIA Xiaoe;SHAO Guo(Biomedicine Research Center, School of Basic Medical and Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience,Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060 , China;The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou 104030,China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060 , China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Conditioning Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University,Beijing 100053 , China)

机构地区：[1]包头医学院生物医学研究中心,基础医学与法医学院,神经科学研究所,内蒙古包头014060 [2]包头医学院第二附属医院,内蒙古包头014030 [3]内蒙古低氧转化医学重点实验室,内蒙古包头014060 [4]低氧适应转化医学北京市重点实验室,首都医科大学宣武医院,北京100053

出　　处：《中国病理生理杂志》2018年第1期178-182,共5页Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81360316;No.81460283;No.81660204);包头医学院科学基金资助项目(No.BYJJ-DF201602;No.BSJJ201617;No.BSJJ201632;No.BYJJ-YF201610)

摘　　要：肾脏肿瘤的发病率在人类泌尿系统肿瘤中排名第3，约占恶性肿瘤的3%，发病年龄主要在50~70岁，每年导致90000多例患者死亡，且呈递增趋势［1］。肾癌的具体发病机制不详，除遗传因素外，吸烟、肥胖、污染和辐射等也是重要因素。大多数透明细胞肾细胞癌（clearcellrenalcellcarcinoma，ccRCC）患者在早期无任何症状，20%~30%患者在诊断时已发展或转移［2］，故预后较差；患者出现诸如血尿和腰痛等典型症状时，已失去最佳的治疗机会。目前，ccRCC发生机理和机制尚未完全清楚。近年来对ccRCC病因及发病机制的深入研究发现，许多表观遗传学的改变，尤其是DNA甲基化（DNAmethylation）异常、组蛋白修饰及非编码RNA调节可能是ccRCC发生发展的重要分子机制，主要涉及DNA、蛋白质和RNA等水平调控基因的表达。这些都为ccRCC的病因研究及诊断、治疗和预后提供了新的理念与途径。The epigenetic changes of clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC)are considered to be the main molecular mechanisms of its pathogenesis,including DNA methylation,histone modification,microRNA change,and so on.DNA methyltransferases(DNMTs)catalyze the occurrence of DNA methylation.DNA methylation changes are manifested in the overall low methylation of the genome and the high methylation of specific sites,which were involved in the development of ccRCC by affecting the expression of tumor suppressor genes.Due to histone-modified enzyme involvement,histone modification is shown as possible genetic reversal.MicroRNA plays an important role in the abnormal expression of ccRCC genes.With the studies of epigenetic mechanism and molecular pathology,it is important to explore the mechanisms and to seek effective early diagnosis,treatment and prognosis intervention of ccRCC.

关 键 词：透明细胞肾细胞癌 DNA甲基化 组蛋白修饰 微小RNA DNA甲基转移酶 

分 类 号：R737.11[医药卫生—肿瘤] R394[医药卫生—临床医学]