自由选择与制度选拔:大众高等教育时代的精英培养——基于北京大学的个案研究  

Free Choice and Institutionalized Selection:Elite Cultivation in Mass Higher Education-A Case Study Base on Peking University

作　　者：刘云杉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学教育学院,北京100871

出　　处：《北京大学教育评论》2017年第4期38-74,共37页Peking University Education Review

摘　　要：本文基于北京大学的本科教学改革,从学生的自由选择与制度的严格选拔入手,聚焦于大众高等教育下精英培养的过程。本文分析了招生、人才培养与教学计划以及考试评价等制度,揭示出精英选拔的多重逻辑,广泛涉猎下的课程数量膨胀,严苛考评权力下的竞争主义,个体的理性经营和表现技艺。更进一层次,本文反思了在工具理性与消费主义侵蚀下校园的断裂、师生关系的异化以及教育本质的空洞。最后讨论了学生在自由选择的试错中所形成的性情特征。This paper takes Peking University as a case study, starting to analyze the students' free choice and the strict institutionalized selection mechanism,focusing on the process of cultivating elites in mass higher education. The paper revealed the systems of enrollment, elite training, teaching plans and examination evaluation. The research indicated that the selection of elites has multiple logic, namely the number of widespread courses is expanding,competition is rigorously assessed under powerful authority, individual rational management, and performing skills. Moreover, this paper reflected the rupture of campus, the alienation of teacher-student relationship and the empty nature of education under the erosion of instrumental rationality and consumerism. Finally, the paper discussed students' mores under the trial and error of free choice and their expectations and pursuit of educational authority and tradition.

关 键 词：北京大学 自由选择 制度选拔 大众高等教育 精英培养 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]