论第三人撤销之诉与案外人申请再审的适用  

A Discussion on the Application of the Third Party Revocation and Outsiders Applying for Retrial

作　　者：吴如巧[1] 郭成[1] WU Ruqiao;GUO Cheng(Law School,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学法学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《西南石油大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第2期93-100,共8页Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"生态文明法律制度建设研究"(14ZDC029);重庆大学中央高校基本科研业务费重点项目"司法与传媒良性互动机制研究"(CDJSK11013);重庆大学中央高校基本科研业务费面上项目"新媒体时代媒介规制与司法回应创新研究"(106112016CDJSK080008)

摘　　要：为保障案外第三人诉讼利益,我国法律及相关司法解释相继规定了案外人申请再审与第三人撤销之诉。制度性质、适格主体、适用条件等方面的差异表明二者难以形成替代关系,未来我国民事诉讼中仍将呈现第三人撤销之诉与案外人申请再审并存适用的局面。二者于制度层面所存在的缺陷为二者的有效衔接造成障碍,第三人撤销之诉制度与案外人申请再审制度于立法体例、制度设计、程序适用等方面所存制度缺陷,应从并行设置第三人撤销之诉制度与案外人申请再审制度、赋予案外人程序选择权、保障当事人意思自治权行使,以及弥补案外人申请再审法律位阶缺陷、有效调和制度间位阶冲突等方面加以考量,借以实现二者的本土化制度衔接。In order to protect the litigation interests of the third party,China's law and related judicial interpretation have stipulated"outsiders applying for retrial"and"third party revocation".The differences in the nature of the system,the qualified subject and the applicable conditions indicate that it is difficult for the two to alternate each other.In the future,there will still be a coexistence of the"third party revocation"and"outsiders applying for retrial"in civil litigation in China.The flaws existing at the institutional level are obstacles to the effective convergence of the two systems.There also exist weakness in the aspects of legislative system,system design,procedures and so on,and the"third party revocation"should be set up in parallel with the system of"outsiders applying for retrial",giving the outsiders procedural options and guaranteeing the exercise of the party autonomy so as to compensate for the defects in the legal hierarchy of"outsiders applying for retrial",and to effectively reconcile the hierarchy conflicts among the systems.In this way,the two systems can be bridged in China.

关 键 词：诉讼利益 案外人申请再审 第三人撤销之诉 程序选择权 法律位阶 

分 类 号：DF721[政治法律—诉讼法学]