天津市大港油田中小学生眼底疾病的流行病学调查  

An epidemiological survey of ocular fundus diseases in primary and secondary school students of Dagang Oilfield in Tianjin

作　　者：周伟[1] 王梅艳 徐凤 由彩云[1] 孟祥达[1] 颜华[1] 陆荣展 ZHOU Wei;WANG Mei-yan;XU Feng;YOU Cai-yun;MENG Xiang-da;Yan Hua(Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China;Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Seaside People’s Hospital Tianjin 300052, China;)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院眼科,300052 [2]天津市海滨人民医院眼科,300052 [3]不详

出　　处：《天津医药》2018年第3期314-317,共4页Tianjin Medical Journal

基　　金：天津市科技支撑计划(重点项目)(13ZCZDSY02400);国家自然基金青年基金资助项目(81403436);国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(8167040396)

摘　　要：目的了解中小学生可能罹患的眼底疾病,并了解这些疾病的患病率和构成比。方法本次流行病学调查共抽取2015年11月—2017年2月大港油田总部直属的所有中小学。共调查中小学生9 504例,其中男4 998例,女4 506例,年龄5~23岁,平均(13.40±3.41)岁。调查项目包括裸眼视力和眼底照相检查。统计调查对象的眼病分布情况,以及主要疾病类别患者的性别、视力及年龄构成。结果 9 504例中正视眼4 314例,屈光异常5 190例;正常眼底9 126例(96.02%),异常眼底378例(3.98%),主要为豹纹状眼底354例(3.72%),其次是视盘大凹陷16例(0.17%),多是生理性的大视杯。354例豹纹状眼底患者中男179例,女175例;以视力≤0.3/0.3为主,达257例,17~19岁受检学生中患病率(5.86%)较高。结论中小学生主要的异常眼底为豹纹状眼底,大部分是由中高度近视引起,少部分是正视眼出现的豹纹状眼底;并且豹纹状眼底随着年龄增长发病率明显增高;视盘大凹陷是第二位的青少年异常眼底,多是生理性的大视杯。Objective To study the fundus diseases that primary and middle school students may be susceptible to suffer,and to understand the prevalence rate and constituent ratio of these diseases.Methods A total of9504students were examined from November2015to February2017to find out their ocular fundus conditions.They were from all the primary and secondary schools directly subordinate to Dagang Oilfield headquarters.Among the9504participants4998were male and4506were female,with the age span of5to23and the average age of(13.40±3.41).Our medical examination included uncorrected visual acuity examination and fundus oculi photography.The distribution of fundus diseases was analyzed,including gender,vision acuity and age composition of patients with major diseases.Results Among the9504students,4314had emmetropic eyes,and5190had refractive errors.A total of9126out of the9504examined students had normal ocular fundus(96.02%),while those with abnormal ocular fundus accounted for378(3.98%).The main types of abnormal ocular fundus included the tessellation fundus354(3.72%),followed by the large depression of optic disk16(0.17%).Among all the354cases with tessellation fundus,179were male and175were female.There were257students whose visual acuity≤0.3/0.3,and the prevalence was higher in17-19years old students(5.86%).Conclusion It has been revealed in this epidemiological survey that the main abnormal ocular fundus of primary and middle school students in Dagang is tessellation fundus.Most of the tessellation fundus are caused by middle and high myopia,and very few are found in emmetropic students.It has also been found that the incidence of tessellation fundus increases significantly with the increase of age.The large depression of optic disk ranks the second in the abnormal ocular fundus,which is mostly physiological.

关 键 词：眼底 眼疾病 流行病学研究 天津 大港油田 中小学生 

分 类 号：R771[医药卫生—眼科]