肠脑轴与帕金森病发病机制研究进展  

Recent Advances in the Role of Microbiota-gut-brain Axis in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease

作　　者：何屹 余刚[1] 郑鹏[1] 王昊天 HE Yi;YU Gang;ZHENG Peng;WANG Hao-tian(Department of Neurology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院神经内科,重庆市400016

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2018年第9期1020-1023,共4页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：重庆市科技计划项目(cstc2016jcyj A1406)

摘　　要：帕金森病(PD)是一种常见的神经系统退行性疾病,主要的病理改变是脑黑质致密部α突触核蛋白的异常聚集,近年来越来越多的研究认为在大脑之外(包括肠神经系统)也有α突触核蛋白异常聚集。微生物-肠-脑轴是将大脑和肠道功能整合的双向信息交流系统,肠道与大脑之间主要依靠神经通路、内分泌途径以及免疫途径进行信息交流。肠神经系统可能作为α突触核蛋白播散的渠道,通过迷走神经播散至中枢神经系统,因此有学者认为PD发病最初可能起源于肠道。本文就近年来针对肠脑轴在PD发病机制中作用的研究现状做一简要综述,将有助于进一步阐明PD的可能发病机制以及解释部分临床表现,并可能为PD的诊断和治疗提供新的方向。Parkinson's disease(PD)is a common neurodegenerative disease.The major pathological changes of PD are abnormal aggregation ofα-synuclein in the substantia nigra.However,in recent years,more and more studies have found that the enteric nervous system also hasα-synuclein abnormal aggregation except the brain.The microbiota-gut-brain axis is the bidirectional communication system between the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract and involves neural pathways,immune and endocrine mechanisms.The enteric nervous system may spreadα-synuclein through the vagus nerve to the central nervous system,so many scholars believe that PD may initially originate from the gastric-intestinal tract.In this paper,a brief review about the studies of the role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in the pathogenesis of PD in recent years will help us to explain the potential pathogenesis and some clinical features of PD.It may provide a new direction for the diagnosis and treatment of PD.

关 键 词：帕金森病 肠神经系统 神经免疫调节 微生物-肠-脑轴 

分 类 号：R742.5[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]