儒家道德情感主义的根本原则  

The Fundamental Principle of Confucian Moral Sentimentalism

作　　者：邵显侠[1] SHAO Xianxia(Department of Philosophy, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China 210023)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学哲学系,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《温州大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第2期55-59,共5页Journal of Wenzhou University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(12BZX044)

摘　　要：儒家的道德情感主义主张"恻隐之心",或者说,"恻隐之心"所产生的移情反应,而不是西方哲人所说的理性,是我们评价道德是非、建立伦理规范体系的最终来源与根据,亦即衡量一切道德是非的根本原则或最终标准。儒家道德情感主义的这一道德判定的最终标准具有相当的合理性:它符合当代道德心理学所揭示的人类利他主义道德产生的心理事实;它也符合我们日常道德判断形成的实际心理过程;它还可以说明为何我们道德的核心部分主要是由否定性的义务所组成;在人类的道德生活实践中,它往往比某些理性的标准(如功利主义的标准)更为可靠,更能经得起时间的检验。Confucian moral sentimentalism maintains“sense of compassion”,or the empathetic reaction,rather than the“rationality”as western philosophers usually claimed,which is the ultimate source or ground to make moral and right or wrong judgment and establish ethical normative system.In other words,such a“sense of compassion”is the cardinal principle or the ultimate standard of morality by which we can judge what is right and what is wrong.The ultimate standard of the moral judgment from Confucian moral sentimentalism is quite reasonable because it conforms to not only the mental fact resulted from human altruist morality revealed by the contemporary moral psychology,but also the practical psychological process formed by the daily moral judgment.It can also explain the reason why the core of our morality mainly consists of negative duties.As a matter of fact,this kind of mental reaction tends to be more reliable than some rational criterions such as utilitarian from the human ordinary moral experience and can further stand up with the test of time.

关 键 词：道德情感主义 恻隐之心 道德的根本原则 道德的最终标准 

分 类 号：B222[哲学宗教—中国哲学]