我国与美国的核电厂应急设施设计准则比较分析  

Comparison and analysis of design criteria for emergency facilities of nuclear power plants in China and the United States

作　　者：陈莹莹[1] 陈鹏[1] 李冰[1] 黄力[1] 崔浩[1] 卢媛媛[1] CHEN Yingying;CHEN Peng;LI Bing;HUANG Li;CUI Hao;LU Yuanyuan(Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100082, China)

机构地区：[1]环境保护部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2018年第3期433-438,共6页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：环保公益项目(201309054)

摘　　要：核电厂应急设施是核电厂执照持有者用来提高应急响应能力所使用的设施。福岛核事故后,核安全审评对应急设施的应急响应能力和各种可能情况下的可用性的关注度提高。本文从应急设施的功能、位置、人员配备、可居留性、安全参数传输、通信等方面对中美两国应急设施设计准则作了比较分析,并对我国核设施在应急设施设计方面的现状进行了讨论。最终在业内形成统一的应急设施的设计准则及评价方法,用于新建应急设施的设计和评价。The emergency facilities of nuclear power plants(NPPs)are used to improve the emergency response ability of the licensee of a nuclear power plant.After the Fukushima nuclear accident,nuclear safety review increased concern on the emergency response capabilities and availability in extreme cases of emergency facilities.In this study,we compared the design criteria of the NPP emergency facilities in China and the United States,including aspects such as function,location,staffing,habitability,safety parameters transport,and communications.We discuss the current design of the emergency facilities of domestic NPPs and recommend the establishment of unified design criteria and evaluation methods for the design and evaluation of new NPP emergency facilities.

关 键 词：核电厂 应急设施 应急响应 可居留性 设计准则 审评 

分 类 号：TL73[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]