城际列车气动阻力组成分析及减阻研究  

The research of aerodynamic drag constitution analysis and its reduction of intercity trains

作　　者：左雄 罗意平[1] 刘冬雪 ZUO Xiong;LUO Yiping;LIU Dongxue(School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2018年第3期734-740,共7页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAG12B01-24)

摘　　要：采用基于SSTκ-ω的DDES数值模拟计算方法,对城际列车的气动阻力进行研究。分析城际列车的阻力分布及组成,根据列车流场变化对列车表面进行平顺化,主要优化车下设备、风挡和空调等部位,分析各种措施减阻效果。通过对结果的分析对比,得出了其变化规律:列车气动阻力主要由压差阻力组成,占总阻力的70%~90%;列车转向架、车下设备、受电弓及风挡连接处流场变化比较剧烈,需通过外形优化进行减阻。优化模型减阻效果显著,以设备舱的形式封装车下设备,总气动阻力下降3.7%;封装车下设备的同时采用外风挡,列车总气动阻力下降12.7%;增加2种不同角度的空调导流装置,总气动阻力分别下降16.3%和18.9%。Based on SSTκ-ωof DDES numerical simulation method,the aerodynamic drag of intercity train was studied.Firstly,the distribution and composition of aerodynamic drag of intercity train were analyzed.Then according to the change of the train flow field,the train surface was smoothed,mainly optimized equipment under the train,windshield and air conditioning and other parts,and effect of the drag-reduction by various measures was analyzed.The results of the analysis and comparison show the following change regulations.The aerodynamic drag of the train is mainly composed of pressure drag,which accounts for 70%~90%of the total resistance.Train's flowing field changes acutely in some parts,such as bogie,the bottom suspension equipments,pantograph and windshield connection,which need to be reduced resistance by shape optimization.The effect of drag-reduction of the optimized model is remarkable.When the equipment under the vehicle is packaged in the form of equipment compartment,the total aerodynamic drag decreased by 3.7%.The train's total aerodynamic drag decreased by 12.7%,when the equipment under the vehicle is packaged and outside windshield is adopted.Increasing two different angles air-conditioning diversion device,the total aerodynamic drag decreased by 16.3%and 18.9%.

关 键 词：数值模拟 气动阻力 模型优化 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]