分段式钢-铝材料城市客车车身结构开发  

Development of Sectional Steel-Aluminum Material City Bus Body

作　　者：李耀华[1] 赵文亮 张德鹏[1] 徐鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,陕西西安710064 [2]河南航天液压气动技术有限公司,河南郑州451191

出　　处：《河南科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第3期34-38,共5页Journal of Henan University of Science And Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51207012);中国博士后科学基金特别项目(2012T50792);陕西省工业科技攻关基金项目(2016GY-069);陕西省微特电机及驱动技术重点实验室开放基金项目(2013SSJ2002)

摘　　要：针对钢材料城市客车车身质量较大、铝合金车身制造成本高昂的问题,提出了车身骨架中段采用铝合金材料的车身结构形式。设计了5种铝合金型材及连接件,初步确定型材厚度。使用梁单元和弹簧单元建立了悬架模型。基于Opti Struct软件对钢-铝材料城市客车车身弯扭组合工况下的模态特性、静态刚度及强度进行了计算。计算结果表明:与钢材料城市客车骨架相比,钢-铝材料城市客车骨架低阶固有频率无明显变化,固有振型差别较大。在车身结构件静态强度满足材料屈服强度要求的前提下,车身质量为971.2 kg,较钢材料车身质量降低146.8 kg。In order to solve the contradiction of city bus of steel body with large mass and aluminum body with high cost,the city bus body which middle body was built with aluminum and others with steel was proposed.Five kinds of aluminum alloy sections and connectors were designed to construct the bus body. The initial thickness of sections were identified. The suspension model was built by beam and spring element. The modal characteristics,statics stiffness and strength of steel-aluminum skeleton under the bending-torsional coupling operation condition were analyzed based on opti Structs software. The results indicate that low order intrinsic frequency of steel-aluminum skeleton has little change compared with steel skeleton,but modal shape has a greater difference. When the static strength meets the yield strength of material,the mass is 971. 2 kg which is decreased by 146. 8 kg compared with steel bus body.

关 键 词：城市客车 钢-铝材料车身 有限元方法 悬架模型 静态特性 

分 类 号：U463.831[机械工程—车辆工程]