玉米或小麦型日粮添加菜籽粕对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率和粪中菌群含量的影响  

Effects of rapeseed meal supplementation in corn or wheat basal diets on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and fecal bacteria in weaning piglet

作　　者：杨国 雒会平 赵得莲 陈光荣[3] 王立明[3] 李海霞 金世启 李生梅 YANG Guo;LUO Huiping;ZHAO Delian;CHEN Guangrong;WANG Liming;LI Haixia;JIN Shiqi;LI Shengmei(Jingyuan Farming and Animal Husbandry Bureau,Jingyuan,Gansu Province 730699,China;Jingyuan Bureau of Animal Husbandry,Jingyuan,Gansu Province 730699,China;Institute of Dryland Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou,Gansu Province 730070,China;Jingyuan County Industrial and Commercial Quality Inspection Bureau,Jingyuan,Gansu Province 730699,China)

机构地区：[1]靖远县农牧局,甘肃靖远730699 [2]靖远县畜牧局,甘肃靖远730699 [3]甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [4]靖远县工商质检分局,甘肃靖远730699

出　　处：《中国饲料》2018年第4期29-34,共6页China Feed

摘　　要：试验旨在通过玉米和小麦与豆粕和菜籽粕营养成分的研究,分析研究玉米或小麦型日粮中添加菜籽粕对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率和粪中菌群数量的影响。选取(21±1)d杜×长×大断奶仔猪480头,采用完全随机设计分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复20头。各组分别饲喂以玉米-豆粕、玉米-菜籽粕(20%菜籽粕替代豆粕)、小麦-豆粕和小麦-菜籽粕(20%菜籽粕替代豆粕)的日粮,试验共进行4周。结果显示:各处理组对断奶仔猪平均日采食量、平均日增重和末重均无显著影响(P>0.05);仔猪断奶后1~14 d,小麦-菜籽粕型日粮组耗料增重比显著高于玉米-豆粕型日粮组(P<0.05);仔猪断奶后15~28 d,玉米-豆粕型日粮组能量和蛋白质消化率显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);与小麦型日粮组相比,玉米型日粮组显著提高了粪中乳酸杆菌和粪肠球菌含量(P<0.05),但小麦型日粮组粪中梭状芽胞杆菌含量表现为最高(P<0.05)。结果表明:玉米或小麦型日粮中添加20%菜籽粕替代豆粕可提高断奶仔猪饲料利用率,蛋白质和能量消化率及粪中微生物菌群的表达量,对仔猪日采食量和日增重无显著影响。The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of rapeseed meal on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and fecal bacteria in weaning piglet fed corn or wheat basal diets.Four hundred and eighty Duroc×Yorkshire×Landrace weaning piglets were randomly allotted to four groups each with 6 replicates of 20 pigs.Pigs were fed with cornsoybean meal,corn-rapeseed meal(20%rapeseed meal substitution of soybean meal),wheat-soybean and wheat-rapeseed meal(20%rapeseed meal substitution of soybean meal)diets,respectively.The experiment lasted 4 weeks.Results showed that no significant differences were observed in average daily feed intake,average daily gain and final body weight among treatments.During the first phase(1～14 d),pigs fed the wheat-soybean meal diet had higher gain feed ratio compared with those fed the corn-soybean meal diet(P<0.05).During second phase(15～28 d),pig fed corn-soybean meal diet had higher crude protein and energy digestibility among the other treatments(P<0.05).When compared to wheatbased diets,corn-based diets had a significant increasing in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus(P<0.05).Likewise,the relative abundance of Enterococcus was reduced(P<0.05).However,wheat-based diets had a significantly higher relative abundance of Clostridium(P<0.05).In conclusion,the inclusion of canola into either wheat or corn-soybean meal based diet influences gain feed ratio,protein,and energy digestibility and relative abundance of the measured fecal microbial community without affecting feed intake and body weight gain.

关 键 词：断奶仔猪 玉米小麦饲料 菜籽粕 生长性能 消化率 粪便细菌 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]