并列式复合词词义识解影响因素实证研究  

An Empirical Study on Influential Factors of Meaning Construal of the Coordinate Compound Words

作　　者：赵凤娇 ZHAO Fengjiao(Center for Studies of Chinese as a Second Language,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083 China)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学对外汉语研究中心,中国北京100083

出　　处：《海外华文教育》2017年第12期1653-1664,共12页Overseas Chinese Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(15JJD740006);北京语言大学梧桐创新项目(中央高校基本科研业务专项资金)(17PT02)资助

摘　　要："词义识解"指的是学习者运用多种方式对词义的认知加工过程,包括无语境和有语境条件下对词义的认识和理解。本文采用实验和访谈相结合的研究方法,探讨制约中级水平汉语二语学习者并列式复合词词义识解的因素,实验发现:构词语素间的语义关系、语义透明度和语境条件是制约并列式复合词词义识解的主要因素,词义识解难度顺序由高到低具体表现为:类义语素并列式复合词>反义语素并列式复合词>同义语素并列式复合词;语义透明词语较易识解,语义隐晦词语较难识解,语义透明度对同义和类义语素并列式复合词影响较大;语境条件有助于类义语素并列式复合词词义的识解。通过访谈和对被试错误识解结果的分析发现:被试在词义识解过程中还受汉字字形、多义语素、构词法知识和母语词义误推等因素的影响,其中多义语素的影响最大。“Construal of meaning”refers to the learners use a variety of ways to understand the meaning of the processing process,including non-contextual and contextual of understanding of the meaning.This paper adopts the research method of combining experiment and interview to investigate the influential factors of meaning construal of the coordinate compound words for intermediate level Chinese as a second language learners.The experiment shows that semantic relations between the word,semantic transparency and context conditions primarily affect meaning construal of the coordinate compound words,like meaning construal difficulty order from high to low:congeneric morpheme relation>the opposite morpheme relation>synonymous morpheme relation.The transparent words are easy to understand,and obscure words are difficult to understand,semantic transparency has a great influence on synonymous morpheme coordinate compound words and congeneric morpheme relation coordinate compound words.The contextual conditions have effect on the understanding of congeneric morpheme relation coordinate compound words.Through interviews and subjects of general error analysis,the subjects were also influenced by other factors such as Chinese characters,polysemy morpheme,word formation and misinterpretation of mother tongue,and the interference of the polysemy has the greatest impact.

关 键 词：并列式复合词 构词语素间的语义关系 语义透明度 语境线索 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]