我国城市语言文字规范化工作的反思与倡言  

Reflection and Suggestions on the Standardization of Chinese Language in Different Level Cities

作　　者：孙汝建[1] SUN Rujian(Sias International College of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 451150 China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学西亚斯国际学院,中国郑州451150

出　　处：《海外华文教育》2017年第12期1683-1694,共12页Overseas Chinese Education

基　　金：教育部人文社科项目"中国城市语言文字规范化工作评估指导标准研究"(09YJA740064)的支持

摘　　要：我国第一部语言文字专项法律《中华人民共和国国家通用语言文字法》(简称《国家通用语言文字法》)颁布十七年来,在实施过程中存在的问题包括但不限于三个方面:(1)国家语言文字工作主管部门多次明确要求,为配合《国家通用语言文字法》的实施,各一类城市要出台相应的地方性法规或地方政府规章(简称《实施办法》),对其进行补充、细化和调整。迄今为止,各一类城市虽然先后出台了地方性法规或地方政府规章,但耗时十四年,时间跨度太大,影响了法律执行的时效性。(2)国家有关主管部门虽然出台了《一类城市语言文字工作评估标准》(试行),但由于二、三类城市的语言文字规范化工作评估,既没有统一的标准也没有时间表,致使评估标准的掌握宽严不一、评估进度参差不齐,难以保证评估的质量和时效。(3)部分一至三类城市语言文字工作委员会主办的"语言文字网",内容单薄,语种单一,未能在海内外积极发挥应有的宣传和引领作用,影响了国家语言文字政策和语言文字规范的宣传与普及。《国家中长期语言文字事业改革和发展规划纲要》(2012-2020年)明确提出:要"研究修订《国家通用语言文字法》,争取在2020年前完成修订工作。"有鉴于此,作者倡言:(1)要明确《实施办法》出台的时间表。(2)确立《实施办法》的地方性法规地位。(3)调整《实施办法》的责任主体单位。(4)把各级政府的"语言文字网"纳入语言文字规范化工作评估范围。(5)组织力量研制二、三类城市语言文字规范化评估标准。(6)在条件好的地区增设四类城市,把评估对象和范围延伸到乡镇乃至农村。The first national law concerning Chinese language is the National Common Language Law of People’s Republic of China(hereinafter referred to as“General Law”).It has been practiced for seventeen years and then there generally has three types of problems come out as follows:(1)The relevant national administrative department regarding Chinese language required that the local government in each first-level city should make relevant laws,rules,or regulations(hereinafter referred to as“Implementation Regulation”)to supplement,refine,and adjust the General Law.However,the local governments of the first-level cities implemented their own local laws or regulations regarding Chinese language in the different time period in the past fourteen years.Such a difference weakened the validity of these laws and regulations.(2)These relevant national administrative department formulated the Standardized Assessment Criteria of urban Chinese language for the first-level cities(for trial implementation).However,there were no standardized assessment criteria of Chinese language and a tangible schedule of its implementation for the second-and the third-level cities,leading to the deviation of the assessment criteria and the quality and validity of the assessment.(3)Some of the Chinese language websites,built up by the Chinese language committee in the second-or third-level cities,do not exert their influence and leading position both inside and outside China due to the thin contents and the single language version.Based on such a background,the Ministry of Education of China and the State Language Commission of China worked together to issue the National Medium-and Long-Term Language Reform and Development Planning Outline(2012-2020).And the outline explicitly emphasized to“study and revise the General Law,and strive to complete the General Law by 2020.”Therefore,the author advocates the following suggestions:(1)There should have a tangible schedule to establish the Implementation Regulation.(2)The legal status of the Impl

关 键 词：城市 语言文字规范化工作 反思 倡言 

分 类 号：H12[语言文字—汉语]