侵犯公民个人信息罪“情节严重”的法理重述  

Jurisprudential Restatement of “Serious Circumstance”in the Crime of Infringing upon Personal Information

作　　者：石聚航[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学法学院

出　　处：《法学研究》2018年第2期62-75,共14页Chinese Journal of Law

基　　金：中国法学会2017年度部级法学研究课题"裁判文书中刑法目的解释的实践运用"(CLS(2017)D57)的阶段性成果

摘　　要："情节严重"的认定是侵犯公民个人信息罪的关键问题之一。司法解释对"情节严重"的认定采取了混合认定模式,这容易导致犯罪评价次序错位、"情节严重"内涵不清、刑法有演变为风险防控法之虞、司法实践认定"避难就易"等后果。理论上应当明确"情节严重"属于违法构成要件要素,其内涵是反映法益侵害程度的客观事实;在界定"情节严重"的内涵时,应摒弃人身危险性、恶劣社会影响等要素;违法所得数额与侵犯公民个人信息罪的法益侵害及其程度没有必然联系,不应被规定为"情节严重"的认定标准之一。“The seriousness of circumstance”is one of the key issues in the determination of the crime of infringing upon citizen’s personal information that has led to many controversies in criminal law theory and judicial practice.A recent judicial interpretation jointly issued by the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate has adopted the mixed model of determination of“serious circumstance”,which leads to a number of problems,such as the confusion about the sequence of criminal evaluation,the vagueness of inner elements of“serious circumstance”,the evolution of the criminal law into a risk prevention and control law,and the tendency towards“avoiding the important and dwelling on the trivial”in the judicial determination of the crime.China should,on the basis of the distinction between illegality and responsibility,make it clear that“serious circumstance”is a constitutive element of illegality,the connotation of which should be objective facts reflecting the extent of infringement upon legal interests,and reject the elements that have nothing to do with the extent of infringement upon legal interests,such as personal danger,adverse social influence,etc.Although the amount of illegal income is an objective element,it has no necessary connection with the extent of infringement upon legal interests in the crime of infringing upon personal information and therefore should not be considered as an intrinsic element of“serious circumstance”.In the information age,when defining“serious circumstance”of the crime of infringing upon personal information,it is advisable to adopt the teleological method of interpretation,so as to avoid the loopholes in criminal punishment and effectively ensure the standard supply of criminal law.

关 键 词：侵犯公民个人信息罪 情节严重 混合认定模式 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]