从孔子易学观的转变看《周易》文本的性质  

Study on the Nature of the Text of Zhouyi from the Change of Confucius's View of Yi Ology

作　　者：李圣强[1] Li Shengqiang

机构地区：[1]山东大学易学与中国古代哲学研究中心

出　　处：《中州学刊》2018年第3期109-114,共6页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：泰山学者工程专项经费资助

摘　　要：对《周易》文本性质的界定,学界常用一句很通用的话概括,即《周易》本为卜筮之书。这句话对《周易》性质的界定似乎不全面,也似乎降低了《周易》的地位与价值。《周易》具有卜筮和德性之二重性已得到学界公认,孔子晚年易学观发生重大转变,原因是孔子发现了《周易》的"德义",但这其中的逻辑关系要分析清楚,即《周易》的"德义"是本已有之还是经孔子的德性解释之后才具备的。如果《周易》的"德义"是本已有之,而不是经过孔子的解释才具备,是孔子晚年发现了《周易》其中的"古之遗言",那么称《周易》本为卜筮之书是不全面的,起码应该称《周易》不只是卜筮之书,或者称《周易》是穿着卜筮外衣的有决策之用的体现文王与周公"德义"思想的教化之书。As for the definition about the nature of Zhouyi text,scholars have commonly summarized that Zhouyi is a book of divination.It seems that this kind of definition is not comprehensive,and has diminished the status and value of Zhouyi.That Zhouyi has the duality of divination and morality has been recognized by scholars.Confucius′s view on Yi ology changed in his old age,because he found the"morality"aspect of Zhouyi.But the logic relationship should be clarified,that is,does the morality of Zhouyi exist original?ly or does it result from Confucius′s interpretation?If the former statement is true,then regarding Zhouyi as a book of divination is not comprehensive.At least,Zhouyi should be considered not merely a divination book,but a book,disguised in the clothing of divina?tion,to teach people,to reflect morality and to make decisions.

关 键 词：孔子 易学观 周易 文本 德义 

分 类 号：B22[哲学宗教—中国哲学]