寄宿对贫困地区农村儿童阅读能力的影响——基于两省5县137所农村寄宿制学校的经验证据  

The Impact of Boarding on the Reading Ability of Rural Children in Poor Areas in China: Evidence from 137 Boarding Schools in Hebei and Sichuan Provinces

作　　者：黎煦[1] 朱志胜 宋映泉[3] 吴要武[4] Li Xu;Zhu Zhisheng;SongYingquan;WuYaowu

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院 [2]北京第二外国语学院酒店管理学院 [3]北京大学中国教育财政科学研究所 [4]中国社会科学院人口与劳动经济研究所

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2018年第2期129-144,共16页China Rural Survey

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"基于人力资本的我国代际收入流动机制与公共政策研究"(批准号:14BSH023)的资助

摘　　要：国外经验表明,寄宿制学校会对弱势群体儿童的学业发展产生积极影响。随着中国农村地区大量留守儿童的出现,政策制定者也试图通过寄宿制学校部分解决农村孩子特别是留守儿童的家庭教育缺失问题。本文试图利用2015年河北和四川两省5县137所农村寄宿制学校的调研数据,实证检验寄宿对贫困地区农村儿童阅读能力的影响。研究发现,寄宿会显著降低贫困地区农村儿童的阅读成绩,且与适龄寄宿儿童相比,低龄寄宿造成的负面影响更为严重。寄宿时间越长,孩子在阅读能力方面的表现越差。上述结论通过了一系列稳健性检验。进一步对不同留守状态孩子的估计结果表明,寄宿对农村儿童阅读能力的抑制作用仅存在于父母双方都在家或者父母一方在家的孩子身上,而对父母双方都外出的留守儿童来说,这种负面效应并不显著存在。Evidences from other countries show that boarding schools can improve the vulnerable students,academic achievement As an increasing number of children are left behind in the countryside of China,local governments regard boarding schools as effective methods to improve the left-behind children's well-being.This article provides a causal estimate of the intact of boarding schools on children^reading ability,using survey data collected fix)m 137 rural boarding schools in Hebei and Sichuan provinces in 2015.The results show that attending boarding schools decreases the reading scores significantly,and that the negative impact of boarding on under-aged children is even more serious.Moreover,the longer the time of boarding,the lower the reading scores.These results are robust,verified by a series of checks.Finally,the study finds that varied adverse effects of boarding are dependent on difiEerent situations of the left behind children.

关 键 词：寄宿制学校 农村儿童 阅读能力 低龄寄宿 留守状态 

分 类 号：F014.4[经济管理—政治经济学]