论萨特的“焦虑”概念  

A Study on Sartre's Concept of Anxiety

作　　者：李明阳 L1 Mingyang(College of philosophy,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学哲学系,广东广州510275

出　　处：《燕山大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第2期7-13,共7页Journal of Yanshan University:Philosophy and Social Science

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"现象学运动中的情感与价值问题研究"(13CZX058)阶段性成果

摘　　要：存在主义哲学家们都试图通过情绪分析来揭示人的生存处境。结合基尔克郭尔和海德格尔的相关分析,萨特认为,焦虑既是对自由的把握,也是对虚无的把握,如此说明,人是绝对自由的;所以,自由意识的原始结构恰是在焦虑中得到揭示的。在焦虑之中,人才意识到自身存在的时间性,并且反思性地意识到这是自由的存在。焦虑不可消除,只能逃避,从而走向自欺,背离自由的存在处境。此外,焦虑和逃避焦虑的意识还会渗透到行为领域,如此产生伦理性焦虑;而任何遵循特定价值标准的行为恰恰是自欺的。Existential philosophers have tried to reveal the human existence by emotional analysis.However,Sartre differentiates himself from Kierkegaard and Heidegger,arguing that“anxiety”illustrates man is absolutely free.He thinks anxiety is the emotion which can reveal the freedom,and it is in anxiety that people are aware of the temporality of bad faith,reflectively sensing that this is the existence of freedom.People cannot eliminate anxiety,but can escape it,hence bad faith and deviation from freedom.In addition,the anxiety and anxiet-escape consciousness will permeate the field of behavior,thereby leading to ethical anxiety;and any behavior following given value criteria is just bad faith.

关 键 词：焦虑 自由 自欺 价值 

分 类 号：B5[哲学宗教—外国哲学]