啮齿类动物的行为学视力测试方法  

A review of behavioral visual acuity tests for rodents

作　　者：张秀艳 毕爱玲[2] 战梅霞 李鹏 张月英[5] 马先祯[2,3] 毕宏生[1,2,3,4] Xiu-Yan Zhang;Ai-Ling Bi;Mei-Xia Zhan;Peng Li;Yue-Ying Zhang;Xian-Zhen Ma;Hong-Sheng Bi(Ophthalmology and Optometry Medical School,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250014,Shandong Province,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases,Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong,Eye Institute of;Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250002,Shandong Province,China;Prevention and Treatment Center of Low Eyesight for Teenagers in Shandong Province,Jinan 250002,Shandong Province,China;Institute of Basic Medical Sciences,Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences,Jinan 250062,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学眼科与视光医学院,中国山东省济南市250014 [2]山东省中西医结合眼病防治重点实验室,山东省高校中西医结合眼病防治技术(强化)重点实验室,山东中医药大学眼科研究所,中国山东省济南市250002 [3]山东中医药大学附属眼科医院,中国山东省济南市250002 [4]山东省青少年视力低下防治中心,中国山东省济南市250002 [5]山东省医学科学院基础医学研究所,中国山东省济南市250062

出　　处：《国际眼科杂志》2018年第4期645-648,共4页International Eye Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31300907,81173440);山东省自然科学基金(No.ZR2013HQ028,BS2014YY041)

摘　　要：啮齿类动物(大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠等)被广泛应用于视觉研究领域,动物视觉疾病模型的研究离不开视功能的检测。目前国际上认可的动物视力测试方法包括电生理学视锐度测试和行为学视锐度测试,这两类方法都有其优点和局限性。电生理学视力测试方法(视觉诱发电位)具有侵入性,电极植入后需要恢复时间,并且所测得的视锐度值仅反映单细胞的电活动或神经核团的场电位,不能从整体水平反映动物的视觉功能,而行为学视力测试方法可弥补上述缺陷,故广泛运用于啮齿类动物的视锐度测量中。本文就啮齿类动物行为学视力测试方法进行综述。Rodents have been used widely in the research of eye diseases to study visual function in animal models.Two methods of visual acuity testing in animals have been internationally recognized:the electrophysiological visual acuity test and the behavioral visual acuity test.Both of these methods have their advantages and limitations.The electrophysiology test(visual evoked potential)is invasive,and animals need recovery time after being implanted with electrodes.Also,the electrophysiological visual acuity test only reflects the electrical activity of a single cell or nuclei,it does not reflect the overall visual function of the animal.The widely used behavioral visual acuity test is able to compensate for these limitations.This paper gives a brief overview of the methods of the behavioral visual acuity test for rodents(rats,mice,guinea pigs,etc.).

关 键 词：啮齿类动物 行为学视力 视觉水箱任务 虚拟视动系统 

分 类 号：R-332[医药卫生] R77