多源资料重构三维海温场的先验误差估计和诊断分析  

Prescribed error estimation and diagnostic analysis in reconstruction of 3-D ocean temperature field from multi-source data

作　　者：陈建 姜祝辉 宿兴涛 闫恒乾 宋博 安玉柱 路凯程 Chen Jian;Jiang Zhuhui;Su Xingtao;Yan Hengqian;Song Bo;An Yuzhu;Lu Kaicheng(Beijing Institute of Applied Meteorology,Beijing 100029,China;nstitute of Meteorology and Oceanography,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;P.O.Box 5111,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京应用气象研究所,北京100029 [2]国防科技大学气象海洋学院,湖南长沙410073 [3]北京5111信箱,北京100094

出　　处：《海洋学报》2018年第4期15-29,共15页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41706021)。

摘　　要：针对遥感资料与实况观测融合重构三维海温场的问题,改进了最优插值中的先验统计信息估计,并研究了背景场和观测项的各自影响机制。在最优插值中,将背景场分别取为平均气候场(静态方案)和遥感合成场(动态方案);在最优融合前,用后验诊断方法迭代优化了背景误差和观测误差协方差;融合完成后,用观测空间诊断误差和模式格点指标对比分析两种方案。主要结论:(1)动态方案相对于静态方案分析误差减小的绝对量值由二者的观测误差之差决定、减小的相对程度由二者的背景误差之比决定;(2)背景场的调整作用在中高纬占优势、在赤道海域与观测项调整作用相当,是由协方差相关尺度的准纬向分布特征决定的;(3)动态分析场的中尺度信号谱能量整体比静态分析场高1~3个量级,但在热带海域相当;(4)遥感资料通过分辨实况观测所无法分辨出来的海温中尺度特征,达到减小误差、提高有效分辨率的效果。To reconstruct 3-D ocean temperature fields using both satellite measurements and in situ observations,the prescribed statistical information estimation in the optimal interpolation(OI)was optimized and the impact mechanisms of these two types of data were analysed.In the OI,two comparative schemes were implemented,with the background field set to a climatology(static scheme)and a synthetic field from satellite surface data(dynamic scheme),respectively.Before the OI,one a posterior diagnosis iterative method was performed to optimize the background error and observation error covariances.After the OI,the two schemes were compared using some diagnostic errors in the observational space and indices on the model grids.The main conclusions include:(1)The analysis error is smaller for the dynamic scheme than for the static one,in which the reduced absolute quantity is determined by the differences in their observation errors(i.e.,noises),and the reduced relative extent is determined by the differences in their background errors(i.e.,signals).(2)The background term is more important in the high and middle latitudes,and equivalent to the observation term along the equator,which is determined by the qusi-zonally-orientated distributed covariance scales.(3)The dynamic fields have higher spectral energy related to the temperature mesoscale signal features than the static fields by 1-3 orders of magnitude overall,but roughly the same in the tropics.(4)Satellite measurements reduces the total error and increase the effective resolution of the analysis field by resolving the mesoscale features that in situ observations cannot resolve well.

关 键 词：遥感资料 ARGO 三维海温场 先验误差估计 诊断分析 

分 类 号：P731.11[天文地球—海洋科学]