健康移民效应的实证研究——青年流动人口健康状况的变化趋势及影响因素  

Empirical study on the effect of health migration: Trend and influencing factors of health status of young migrants

作　　者：和红 曹桂 沈慧[2] 谢世堂[2] HE Hong;CAO Gui;SHEN Hui;XIE Shi-tang(Institute of Health Science Research,School of Sociology&Population Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;School of Public Administration and Policy,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学社会与人口学院健康科学研究所,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学公共管理学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中国卫生政策研究》2018年第2期1-9,共9页Chinese Journal of Health Policy

基　　金：北京市教育委员会共建项目(2016010024)

摘　　要：目的:通过分析青年流动人口健康状况随时间的变化趋势,对健康移民效应进行实证研究,为制定流动人口健康保障相关政策提供依据。方法:本文利用"2015年青年流动人口健康意识调查"数据,对3 001名青年流动人口及1 531名当地人口进行分析,用体质指数(BMI)作为衡量健康的客观指标。结果:流动时间小于1年的青年流动人口,其超重/肥胖的比例为12.5%,要低于当地人口的18.9%(P<0.05)。随着流动时间的延长,青年流动人口超重及肥胖的比例逐渐接近当地人口;当流动时间达到5年及以上时,超重/肥胖的比例达到27.8%,高于当地人口。多因素分析结果表明,在婚、经济收入5 000元/月及以上、参加保险、吸烟、经常喝酒、流动时间较长的青年流动人口超重/肥胖的比例较高,与健康状况变差有关。结论:加大健康促进力度,倡导健康生活方式,相关部门应采取必要的措施以改善流动人口卫生服务利用,降低流动人口异地就医障碍,保障流动人口健康。Objective:By analyzing the trend of health status of young migrants over time,this paper made an empirical study on the effect of health migration to provide basic information and theoretical basics for the formulation of health protection policies of migrants.Methods:Investigation Data on Health Consciousness of Young Migrants in 2015 was used to make an analysis on health status of 3 001 young migrants and 1 531 local residents,using BMI(Body Mass Index)as the physical health indicator.Results:The results showed that the proportion of overweight and obesity was 12.5%of young migrants whose migration time was less than 1 year,which was lower than the 18.9%of local residents(P<0.05).With time,the proportion of overweight and obesity of young migrants was observed gradually approaching to the proportion of local residents as the proportion of overweight and obesity reached to 27.8%of young migrants whose migration time was over 5 years,which was higher than that of local residents.The multivariable analysis showed that the proportion of overweight and obesity of young migrants with marriage or remarriage status,the economic income of 5 000 yuan and above,insurance,frequent drinking and longer migration time was higher and the above factors also contributed to health deterioration.Conclusion:Intensify science popularization,improve the healthy lifestyle,relevant departments should take the necessary measures to improve the use of the health service by migrants,reduce off-site medical treatment mobility,and ensure the health of migrants.

关 键 词：健康移民效应 流动人口 体质指数 影响因素 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]