地铁车辆不同速度通过曲线段车内噪声研究  

Research on the interior noise of subway vehicles passing through curves at different speeds

作　　者：张凯轩 周劲松 宫岛 Zhang Kaixuan;Zhou Jingsong;Gong Dao(Institute of Rail Transit,Tongji University,Shanghai,201804,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院,上海201804

出　　处：《机械设计与制造工程》2018年第3期126-129,共4页Machine Design and Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAG19B02;2015BAG13B01)

摘　　要：地铁列车在正线运行时会在车内产生噪声,而列车通过曲线段时车内噪声则更为显著。针对这一现象,首先对某地铁线路实际运营的B型地铁列车以不同速度通过曲线段时司机室和客室内的噪声进行了现场测试;然后进行了频域分析及A计权后的1/3倍频程频谱分析,得到了司机室和客室噪声频率特性分布;最后对通过曲线段时车内噪声A计权声压级进行了时变参量分析,得到了声压级随车速的分布特性。结果表明,车内的噪声主要由低频的车辆结构噪声和中频的轮轨噪声组成;低频结构噪声频率不随车速的增加而变化,而幅值有所增加;中频轮轨噪声的频率和幅值都随车速的提升有明显的提升;将车辆曲线通过速度降低到55km/h以下可以有效改善通过曲线段时噪声过大的问题。The subway train will produce noise in the vehicle when running on the main line,interior noise through the curves are even more significant.To solve this problem,firstly,the noise of cab and passenger compartments of B train in actual operation of a certain metro line is tested at different speeds.Then the A weighted 1/3 octave spectrum in frequency is analyzed and frequency distribution characteristics of the cab and passenger compartment noise is obtained.Finally,through the time related parametric analysis of A weighted sound pressure levels of vehicle interior noise,the sound pressure level distribution characteristics with speed is obtained.The results show that the noise in the vehicle is mainly composed of low frequency vehicle structure noise and middle frequency wheel rail noise.The frequency of low frequency structure noise does not change with the increase of vehicle speed,but the amplitude increases.The frequency and amplitude of intermediate frequency wheel rail noise increase with the increase of vehicle speed.Reducing the vehicle's speed passing curves to less than 55km/h can effectively solve the problem of excessive noise.

关 键 词：地铁 车内噪声 曲线 车速 频域分析 结构噪声 轮轨噪声 总声压级 

分 类 号：U270.16[机械工程—车辆工程]