间充质干细胞来源外泌体促进损伤组织修复与再生的应用与进展  

Research progress of mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes in damaged tissue repair and regeneration

作　　者：李超然 黄桂林[1] 王帅[2] Li Chao-ran;Huang Gui-lin;Wang Shuai(Departm ent of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Hospital of Stomatology,Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563003,Guizhou Province,China;Department of Scientific Research,Hospital of Stomatology,Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563003,Guizhou Province,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院附属口腔医院口腔颌面外科,贵州省遵义市563003 [2]遵义医学院附属口腔医院科研科,贵州省遵义市563003

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2018年第1期133-139,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81760201);贵州省科学技术基金计划(黔科合基础[2016]1170);贵州省科学技术基金计划(黔科合基础[2016]1171);贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长计划(黔教合KY字[2016]198)~~

摘　　要：背景:近年来许多研究表明间充质干细胞所发挥的组织修复与再生功能在很大程度上是由其旁分泌作用而实现的,而外泌体是其中一种重要的旁分泌因子,已成为研究者们关注的重点。目的:阐明外泌体的组成、来源及生物学特性,总结近年来间充质干细胞来源外泌体在组织修复与再生方面的最新研究成果,并展望其在口腔领域的应用前景。方法:用计算机检索1983至2017年PubMed数据库和中国知网(CNKI)期刊全文数据库收录的相关文献。英文检索词为"exosome,MSC-exosomes,tissue repair and regeneration,oral diseases",中文检索词为"外泌体,间充质干细胞来源外泌体,组织修复与再生,口腔疾病",共纳入61篇文献。结果与结论:外泌体是细胞分泌的内含多种蛋白质及RNA等成分的小囊泡,在细胞间通讯中起重要作用,具有抑制细胞凋亡、刺激增殖、免疫调节等功能。间充质干细胞来源外泌体在骨损伤修复、皮肤损伤修复、神经损伤修复、肝损伤修复中都起到重要作用,但其作用机制还不明确,在口腔领域应用相对较少,值得深入研究和探索。BACKGROUND:In the past few years,many studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells play roles in tissue repair and regeneration,which is to a large extent by their paracrine effect.As one of the important paracrine factors,exosomes have become an issue of concern for researchers.OBJECTIVE:To explain the components,sources and biological characteristics of exosomes,to summarize the latest research advances of mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes in tissue repair and regeneration,and to make prospects of its application in the field of oral medicine.METHODS:A computer-based search of the relevant literature in CNKI and PubMed full-text databases of journals from 1983 to 2017 was performed.The keywords were“exosome,MSC-exosomes,tissue repair and regeneration,oral diseases”in Chinese and English,respectively.Totally 61 eligible articles were included in the result analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Exosome is a vesicle secreted by cells and contains different proteins and RNAs.It plays an important role in the intercellular communication,and has the functions of inhibiting apoptosis,stimulating proliferation and regulating immunity.Mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes play an important role in repairing bone injury,skin injury,nerve injury and liver injury,but its mechanism is yet unclear.The application of exosomes in the field of oral medicine is rarely reported,which is certainly worthy of further research and exploration.

关 键 词：间质干细胞 外泌体 组织工程 

分 类 号：R394.2[医药卫生—医学遗传学]