高渗盐水治疗急性脑水肿的研究进展  

The Research Progress of Hypertonic Saline in the Treatment of Acute Cerebral Edema

作　　者：薛丽平[1] 梁新强[2] 刘亚虎[2] XUE Liping;LIANG Xinqiang;LIU Yahu(Guangxi Medical College,Nanning 530021,China)

机构地区：[1]广西卫生职业技术学院,广西南宁530021 [2]广西壮族自治区南溪山医院

出　　处：《中国医学创新》2017年第34期143-145,共3页Medical Innovation of China

摘　　要：颅脑损伤、脑肿瘤、脑出血及蛛网膜下腔出血等许多神经外科疾病均能引起脑水肿,进而引起颅内压(intracranial pressure,ICP)增高。颅内压增高被认为是急性脑水肿患者死亡的主要原因,ICP的有效控制与患者预后有着密切的联系。作为临床上经典的降颅内压药物,甘露醇的疗效备受认可,但其严重的副作用也逐渐受到重视,寻找更加安全有效的治疗成为目前研究的热点。本研究表明高渗盐水可以有效治疗脑水肿,降低ICP,尤其是对甘露醇不能控制的高颅压也能起效,并且高渗盐水在治疗上可以避免甘露醇脱水治疗所引起的副作用如急性肾功能不全和反跳性脑水肿等,高渗盐水在治疗急性脑水肿比传统的甘露醇疗法更具优势。本文对高渗盐水在急性脑水肿和ICP增高的治疗应用中作一综述。Craniocerebral trauma,brain tumor,cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage and many other diseases in Department of Neurosurgery can cause cerebral edema,and further cause intracranial pressure(intracranial pressure,ICP)increased.Intracranial hypertension is considered main cause of death in patients with acute cerebral edema,effective controlling intracranial pressure is an import prognostic factor in patients with acute cerebral edema.As a classic drug for reducing intracranial pressure,the efficacy of mannitol has been recognized,but its serious side effects have been gradually seen,and the search for more safe and effective treatment has become the focus.The research indicate that hypertonic saline can not only effectively control cerebral edema and reduce the ICP,especially for high intracranial pressure that mannitol can not control,but it can avoid the side such as acute renal failure and relapse of cerebral edema due to mannitol dehydration treatment.In the treatment of acute cerebral edema,hypertonic saline get more advantages.This article reviews the application of hypertonic saline in the treatment of brain edema and controlling intracranial pressure.

关 键 词：高渗盐水 脑水肿 颅内压增高 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]