18世纪英国废墟景观之美学探究  

A Study on the Aesthetics of British Ruins Landscape in the Eighteenth Century

作　　者：李溪[1] LI Xi

机构地区：[1]北京大学建筑与景观学院

出　　处：《风景园林》2017年第12期36-43,共8页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"西方美学史1-2卷"(批准号:14JJD720022)资助

摘　　要：在18世纪的英国,对废墟中的"时间性"美学的重新领悟,曾经推动旅行者和建筑师探索了一种新的景观美学概念"如画"。这一观念中,既包含田园牧歌式的古罗马废墟的回忆所引起的"愉悦的忧伤",又包含对崇高的哥特式废墟所裹挟的沉重历史的反思。因为这种回忆和反思所构建的时间感,"如画"成为英国风景园林的主流观念,并推动了废墟景观的兴起和传播。与此同时,英国旅行者和设计师对中国园林和中国风景的观感也在尝试和误读中介入了这一时期废墟景观的"发展",并和当时的美学思潮产生碰撞。本文的最后一部分将从中国园林的一些思想去回溯英国,试图发现二者曾共同领会到的渊深的时间之美。the eighteenth century Britain,the understanding of“temporality”in ruins has ever encouraged travelers and architects to explore a new picturesque landscape,which is involved not only in the memory of Roman landscape that inspires the“agreeable melancholy”but also in the reflection of Gothic ruins and the medieval history it indicates.Because of the sense of time built by the memory and reflection,the ruined landscape became the main factor in English landscape garden and then spread widely in the whole Europe.Meantime,the impression on Chinese garden and landscape also by travelers and architects made impact on the development of ruined landscape.The three cultures are intertwined with each other and yet there are indeed the internal releationship within their thoughts.

关 键 词：英国废墟景观 如画 中式园林 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]