岩溶石灰土微生物丰度的影响因素及其指示意义  

Influential Factors and Indicative Significance of Microbial Abundance in Karst Limestone Soil

作　　者：朱美娜 梁月明[1,2] 刘畅 靳振江[3] 李强 ZHU Meina;LIANG Yueming;LIU Chang;JIN Zhenjiang;LI Qiang(Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics,Ministry of Land and Resources&Guangxi,Institute of Karst Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Guilin 541004,China;International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO,Guilin 541004,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,国土资源部//广西岩溶动力学重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心,广西桂林541004 [3]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2018年第3期484-490,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31741021)；广西自然科学基金项目(2016GXNSFBA380179；2017GXNSFAA198241)

摘　　要：应用荧光定量PCR技术检测广西两种典型石灰土(黄色石灰土和红色石灰土)不同层位(0~10、10~20、20~40、40~60、60~80和80~100 cm)土壤细菌与真菌丰度的变化规律,以揭示影响土壤细菌、真菌丰度的关键因子并利用其剖面特征指示土壤质量。结果表明:细菌丰度与土壤类型呈显著正相关(F=4.413,P=0.041),与土层呈极显著正相关(F=7.225,P=0.000);真菌丰度与土壤类型在0.05水平上无显著相关性,与土层呈显著正相关(F=2.732,P=0.030)。RDA结果显示,土壤有机碳、全氮和速效磷对微生物丰度影响的解释率分别为31.8%、27.2%和21.1%,3种土壤因子累计解释率为80.1%,说明3种土壤因子是影响微生物丰度的主要因子。由于两种石灰土的微生物丰度受土壤有机碳、全氮以及速效磷等土壤因子影响显著,而研究区土层间土壤因子差异性强于土壤类型,所以微生物丰度表现出对土层的响应强于土壤类型。细菌丰度与土壤有机碳、速效磷、全氮的相关性强于真菌丰度,说明细菌对环境变化更为敏感,可作为指示土壤质量的指标。此外,细菌在石灰土土壤演化与养分循环过程中也具有重要作用。In order to reveal the key factors affecting the soil bacterial and fungal abundance and indicate soil quality,the real-time PCR was used to detect the variation of soil bacteria and fungal abundance in different soil layers(surface soil,10~20,20~40,40~60,60~80 and 80~100 cm)of two typical limestone soils(yellow limestone soil and red limestone soil)in Guangxi.The results showed that there was positive correlation between bacterial abundance and soil types(F=4.413,P=0.041),and bacterial abundance had significantly positive correlation with soil layers(F=7.225,P=0.000).There was no correlation between fungal abundance and soil types at 0.05 level.Fungal abundance was positively correlated with soil layers(F=2.732,P=0.030).The results of RDA analysis showed that the interpretation rate of soil organic carbon,total nitrogen and available phosphorus on microbial abundance was 31.8%,27.2%and 21.1%,respectively,as well as three kinds of soil factor cumulative explanation rate accounted for 80.1%,indicating that three kinds of soil factors were the main factors affecting the abundance of microorganisms.As the microbial abundance of the two types of limestone soils was significantly affected by soil factors such as soil organic carbon,total nitrogen and available phosphorus,and the difference of soil factors among soil layers in study area was stronger than that of soil types.So microbial abundance showed a higher response to the soil layer than the soil type.In addition,Pearson correlation analysis results showed that the correlation between bacterial abundance and soil organic carbon,available phosphorus and total nitrogen was stronger than fungal abundance,indicating that bacteria was more sensitive to soil type and could be used as an indicator of soil quality.Thus,bacteria plays an important role in the process of limestone soil evolution and nutrient cycling.

关 键 词：石灰土 实时荧光定量PCR 微生物丰度 指示意义 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] X17[农业科学—农业基础科学]