响应实时气象条件变化的河渠水温快速计算  

Real-time meteorological variation-responded rapid calculation of water temperature of river-canal

作　　者：段亚飞[1] 赵懿珺[1] 纪平[1] 陈小莉[1] DUAN Yafei;ZHAO Yijun;JI Ping;CHEN Xiaoli(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2018年第3期119-126,共8页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2013ZX06002001);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0502202)

摘　　要：为了快速准确地预测河渠水温的动态变化,通过概化河渠水面热交换的动态过程,分项计算表面各热通量过程,提出了能响应气象条件实时变化的动态水温快速计算方法。该方法关注动态气象过程及其造成的河渠水温变化,在计算中通过引入平衡迟滞时间概念,考虑了断面平均水温对气象变化的响应迟滞。海南某电厂取水明渠的实证研究表明:该方法能有效捕捉水温对气象条件的实时响应,可准确地模拟河渠沿程水温的动态过程;平衡迟滞时间的引入使模拟误差减小了39%,模型计算的河渠水温对风速、气温和云量更敏感。在全球气候变化和极端天气事件频发的背景下,本研究可为河流水温状况评估及明渠温变估算提供一种快捷有效的方法。In order to accurately predict the dynamic variation of water temperature of river-canal,a rapid dynamic water temperature calculation method that can respond to the real-time meteorological variation is put forward herein through generalizing the dynamic process of the water surface heat exchange and calculating all the surface heat fluxes in items;in which the dynamic meteorological process and the water temperature variation caused by it are taken into account,and then the lag of the response from the mean cross-sectional water temperature to the meteorological variation is considered in the calculation through the introduction of the concept of equilibrium lag time.With the actual case of the water intake open channel for a power plant in Hainan Province,it is indicated that the real-time response of water temperature to the meteorological condition can be correctly captured with this method,thus the dynamic process of the water temperature along river-canal can be accurately and efficiently simulated as well.The introduction of the concept of equilibrium lag time makes the simulation error decreased by 39%,while the water temperature on river-canal calculated by the model is more sensitive to wind speed,air temperature and cloud cover.Under the background of the global climate change and frequent occurrence of regional extreme weather,this study can provide a rapid and effective method for assessing river water temperature status and estimating the water temperature rise of open channel.

关 键 词：动态水温 快速计算 实时气象条件 水面热交换 河渠 

分 类 号：TV122[水利工程—水文学及水资源]