精神活性物质所致精神障碍患者的心理治疗和社会干预  

Mental Treatment and Social Intervention of Mental Disorder Patients Caused by the Psychoactive Substance

作　　者：石少波[1] 管洁[1] SHI Shao-bo;GUAN Jie(Qingdao Mental Health Center,Qingdao,Shandong Province,266034 China)

机构地区：[1]青岛市精神卫生中心,山东青岛266034

出　　处：《系统医学》2017年第14期10-12,16,共4页Systems Medicine

摘　　要：目的评价心理治疗和社会干预在精神活性物质所致精神障碍治疗中的价值。方法以2016年2—8月,医院精神科收治的精神活性物质所致精神障碍患者94例入选研究,每收集2例患者,抽到1号签入选对照组,抽到2号签入选观察组,对照组对症药物治疗,常规护理干预。观察组安排心理治疗和社会干预,持续6个月。对比干预前后精神症状发生情况与量表评分。结果干预后,观察组幻觉、妄想、猜疑/被害、敌对性、焦虑、被动冷漠社交退缩、抑郁率分别为9.50%、50.00%、33.30%、11.90%、9.50%、2.40%、14.3%低于干预前59.50%、76.20%、85.70%、59.50%、76.20%、50.00%、57.10%,对照组幻觉、焦虑、抑郁发生率21.40%、40.30%、31.00%低于干预前69.10%、73.81%、57.10%,组间对比观察组妄想、猜疑/被害、敌对性、焦虑、被动冷漠社交退缩、抑郁比重低于对照组71.40%、78.60%、52.40%、40.30%、45.20%、31.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组与对照组GAS分别为(82.4±11.4)分、(75.3±12.5)分高于干预前(63.4±11.7)分、(62.1±8.8)分,观察组高于对照组,两组SDSS评分分别为(1.2±0.5)分、(1.7±0.6)分低于干预前(3.1±0.8)分、(3.2±0.9)分,观察组低于对照组,观察组GSES(29.5±3.1)分高于干预前(26.3±2.4)分、对照组(25.4±3.1)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组均未见复吸,观察组未出现暴力行为,低于对照组8例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在药物对症治疗基础上,联合心理治疗和社会干预,有助于减轻精神障碍。Objective To evaluate the value of mental treatment and social intervention of mental disorder patients caused by the psychoactive substance.Methods 94 cases of mental disorder patients caused by the psychoactive substance admited and treated in our hospital from February to August 2016 were selected and two cases of patients were collected each time,the control group were those who drew No.1 sign and the observation group were those who drew No.2 sign,and the control grup were treated with systematic drug treatment and routien nursing intervention,while the observation group adopted the mental treatment and social intervention for six months in a row.The occurnece of mental symptoms and scale scores before and after intervenion were compared.Results After intervetnion,the hallucinations,delusions,suspicions/victimization,hostility,anxiety,passive apathy,social withdrawal,and depression rates in the observation group were lower than those before intervention,(9.50%,50.00%,33.30%,11.90%,9.50%,2.40%,14.30%vs 59.50%,76.20%,85.70%,59.50%,76.20%,50.00%,57.10%),and the hallucinations,anxiety and depression rates in the control group were lower than those before intervention(21.40%,40.30%,31.00%vs 69.10%,73.81%,57.10%),and the delusions,suspicions/victimization,hostility,anxiety,passivity,apathy and social withdrawal and depression ratios in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,which were respectively 71.40%,78.60%,52.40%,40.30%,45.20%,31.00%,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),after intervention,the GAS scores in the observation group and in the control group were higher than those before intervention[(82.4±11.4)points,(75.3±12.5)points vs(63.4±11.7)points,(62.1±8.8)points],and the GAS scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the SDSS scores in the two groups were lower than those before intervention,[(1.2±0.5)points,(1.7±0.6)points vs(3.1±0.8)points,(3.2±0.9)points],and the SDSS score in the observation group was lower th

关 键 词：精神活性物质 精神障碍 心理治疗 社会干预 

分 类 号：R749.05[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]