探讨全科医师急诊急救能力与培养  

Discussions on rescue abilities of general medicine residents

作　　者：郑建军[1] 蒋巧巧 陈琳[2] 周惟[1] 章维[1] 李巧云[2] ZHENG Jianjun;JIANG Qiaoqiao;CHEN Lin;ZHOU Wei;ZHANG Wei;LI Qiaoyun(ningbo No.2 Hosptial,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市第二医院科教科,浙江宁波315000 [2]宁波市第二医院全科医学科,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《中国毕业后医学教育》2018年第2期126-128,132,共4页Chinese Journal of Graduate Medical Education

摘　　要：基层医疗卫生服务是急诊医疗服务体系的最前端。随着社会经济、医学技术的发展和对生命的尊重,分级诊疗制度的推行,使社区急诊急救能力成为最有医疗实践意义的一种基本技能。要求全科医师在社区接诊中能正确果断识别危及生命的疾病和准确高效处置常见急诊以缓解患者痛苦,全科医师专业综合素质面临着更高的挑战。社区急诊范围涉及内外妇儿等学科,集中体现了全科医师临床思维诊断、协调处置的综合能力,包括急诊诊断能力、操作能力、医患沟通能力、适时转诊能力、团队协作能力及病史搜集整理能力。综合性教学医院是培养全科医师急诊急救能力的主要临床基地,通过强化急诊医学理论知识以提高临床诊断及鉴别诊断能力;全科医师亲自动手操作以掌握急救技能及器材规范化、标准化使用;通过回放录音录像来训练全科医师应急心理素质和娴熟的医患沟通技巧。在教学培训过程中如何提高师资教学能力和效果评估,更有效的提升和发展全科医师急诊急救能力成为全科教育培训基地的教学医院的首要任务。The primary care service is the front line of the emergency medical service system.With the development of social economy,medical technologies and raising respect for life,the implementation of hierarchical medical system makes rescue abilities in community become basic skills with the most practical significance.General practitioners are required to identify life-threatening diseases correctly and decisively and deal with common emergencies with accuracy and efficiency in order to alleviate the sufferings of patients.This means that general practitioners are facing higher challenges.The disease spectrum of community emergency department involves multiple disciplines,including internal medicine,surgery,gynaecology,pediatrics,etc.In this circumstance,the right diagnosis and treatment reflect comprehensive abilities of general practitioners,which includes the abilities of emergency diagnosis,operational skills,doctor-patient communication skills,timely referral skills,teamwork and medical history collection abilities.Comprehensive teaching hospitals are main clinical bases to train first aid and rescue abilities of general practitioners.Through strengthening the theoretical knowledge of emergency medicine,the abilities of clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis can be improved.By giving more practice chances for the general practitioners,they could master the first aid skills and know how to use the equipment in a standardized way.Playback of audios and videos could be used to train the general practitioners on their mental qualities while in emergency and doctorpatient communication skills.The primary problem that the teaching hospitals currently face is how to improve the faculty’s teaching abilities and effect evaluation so that rescue abilities of general practitioners could be developed more effectively.

关 键 词：全科医师 急诊 急救能力 

分 类 号：R197.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]