钒铁渣复合物改性硅藻土制备高强耐水调湿材料  

A High-strength and Water-resistant Humidity-controlling Material Prepared by Modifying Diatomite with Vanadium-and Iron-containing Compound Slag

作　　者：胡明玉[1] 付超[1] 魏丽丽[1,2] 刘章君[1] HU Mingyu;FU Chao;WEI Lili;LIU Zhangjun(Key Laboratory for Ultra-low Energy Building of Jiangxi Province,School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,NanchangUniversity,Nanchang 330031;School of Architectural and Mechanical Engineering,Chifeng University,Chifeng 024000)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学建筑工程学院,江西省超低能耗建筑重点实验室,南昌330031 [2]赤峰学院建筑与机械工程学院,赤峰024000

出　　处：《材料导报》2018年第8期1230-1235,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51362021);江西省水利厅科技项目(KT201331)

摘　　要：以天然硅藻土为原材料,以钒铁渣复合物为无机改性掺合料,采用简单成型和自然养护工艺制备调湿材料。研究了无机改性掺合料掺量对硅藻土调湿材料强度、耐水性和调湿性能的影响,并根据SEM分析及材料的吸附/解吸理论对无机改性掺合料的改性机理和硅藻土调湿材料的调湿机理进行了研究。研究表明,无机改性掺合料用量为15%~20%时,材料60d抗压强度和软化系数可分别达到5.5~6.10MPa、0.62~0.74,最大平衡含湿率为19.9%~20.8%,最大吸、放湿速率为0.069~0.073kg/(kg·d)、0.042~0.045kg/(kg·d),具有很好的强度、耐水性和调湿性能。无机改性掺合料与硅藻土发生离子交换、硬凝反应和团粒化作用,并在毛细孔道效应、化学吸附和表面物理吸附作用下,使硅藻土调湿材料具有高的强度、耐水性和优异的调湿性能。The new diatomite humidity-controlling material was prepared by using natural diatomite as raw materials,vana-dium-and iron-containing compound slag as inorganic modified admixture.It was cured in room temperature after simple compaction molding.The effect of the inorganic modified admixture content on strength,water resistance,and humidity-controlling performance of the diatomite humidity-controlling material were tested.Based on the micro-analysis of the scanning electron microscope and the absorption/desorption theory of materials,the modified mechanism and the humidity-controlling mechanism of the diatomite humidity-controlling material were investigated.The results showed that when the content of inorganic modified admixture was 15%-20%,the compressive strength,softening coefficient,the maximum equilibrium moisture content,and the maximum absorption and desorption rate of the diatomite humidity-controlling material at 60 d were 5.5-6.10 MPa,0.62-0.74,19.9%-20.8%,0.069-0.073 kg/(kg·d)and 0.042-0.045 kg/(kg·d),respectively,which indicated that the material had an excellent performance.The hardening mechanism of the diatomite humidity-controlling material were ion exchange reaction,aggregate effect and hard coagulation reaction.The cellular microstructure of diatomite humidity-controlling material have the effects of capillary channel,chemical adsorption and surface physical adsorption on water vapor,which enable its excellent strength,water resistance and humidity-controlling performance.

关 键 词：硅藻土调湿材料 抗压强度 软化系数 平衡含湿率 吸、放湿速率 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]