托鲁巴姆与西安绿茄嫁接对茄子根际土壤微生物群落结构的影响  

Effect of Grafting on Soil Microbial Community Structure of Toru Bam and Xi'an Green Eggplant Grafting

作　　者：张淑红[1] 詹林玉 王月[1] 李猛[1] 田悦悦 ZHANG Shu-hong;ZHAN Lin-yu;WANG Yue;LI Meng;TIAN Yue-yue(College of Horticulture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2018年第2期196-202,共7页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2014027009)

摘　　要：探讨嫁接茄子抗黄萎病与根际土壤微生物群落结构的关系,为解决茄子连作障碍奠定基础。本试验以茄子根际土壤为试验材料,以野生茄品种托鲁巴姆为砧木,感病品种西安绿茄为接穗,一共设置4个处理:西安绿茄自根苗(CK)、嫁接处理的嫁接苗(B)、接种黄萎菌的嫁接苗(GB)和接种黄萎菌的自根苗(GA)。利用Biolog技术研究嫁接和接种黄萎菌对茄子根际土壤微生物群落结构的影响。试验结果表明:嫁接可提高茄子根际土壤微生物活性,并增强对碳源的利用能力,使茄子根际土壤微生物分布均匀;接种黄萎菌会使茄子根际土壤微生物多样性有所增加。嫁接处理提高了根际土壤微生物对糖类、氨基酸类和多酚类碳源的利用程度。嫁接处理可使茄子根际土壤微生物利用碳源的能力显著增强,均匀度指数最高,达2.98,同时优势度指数得到大幅度提高,但使物种丰富度指数下降,为1.00,与对照差异显著。根际土壤微生物代谢功能主成分分析结果表明,对PC2贡献最大的碳源有10种,占总碳源的32.2%,其中羧酸类占12.9%,氨基酸类占9.6%,糖类占6.4%,聚合物类占3.2%,因此茄子根际土壤微生物主要碳源为糖类、氨基酸、羧酸类和聚合物类。Exploring the relationship between grafted eggplant resistance to Verticillium dahliae and rhizosphere soil microbial community structure will provide the foundation for solving the continuous cropping of eggplant.In this experiment,the rhizosphere soil of eggplant was used as the experimental material.Among them,'Toru Bam'wild eggplant varieties were the rootstocks and the susceptible variety Xi'an green eggplant was scion.The effects of grafting and inoculation of Verticillium dahliae on soil microbial community structure in eggplant rhizosphere were studied by Biolog technique.The main results of the experiment were as follows.The grafting could improve the microbial activities of rhizosphere soil in eggplant and enhance the ability of utilization of carbon source,so that the distribution of soil microbes in eggplant rhizosphere was uniform.Inoculation of Verticillium dahliae increased the microbial diversities of eggplant rhizosphere soil.The utilization of carbohydrates,amino acids and polyphenols carbon sources were increased by grafting.The ability of carbon source utilization in rhizosphere soil of eggplant was significantly enhanced by grafting.The evenness index was the highest,reaching 2.98,while the dominance index increased significantly,but the species richness index decreased by 1,which is significantly different from that of the control.The results of principal component analysis showed that there were 10 kinds of carbon sources that contributed most to PC2,accounting for 32.2%of the total carbon source,including 12.9%of carboxylic acids,9.6%of amino acids,6.4%sugar and 3.2%of polymers,that the sugars,amino acids,carboxylic acids and polymers were the main carbon source of eggplant rhizosphere soil microorganism.

关 键 词：嫁接 根际土壤 黄萎病抗性 微生物功能多样性 BIOLOG 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]