老挝预科留学生汉语状语语序偏误分析  

The Error Analysis on Word Order of Chinese Adverbial Using by Laotian Preparatory Oversea Students

作　　者：杨建[1] YANG Jian(Qiannan Medical College For Nationalities,Duyun 558000 China)

机构地区：[1]黔南民族医学高等专科学校,中国都匀558000

出　　处：《海外华文教育》2018年第2期51-58,共8页Overseas Chinese Education

摘　　要：老挝预科留学生在学习和使用汉语状语时常会规律性地出现许多与汉语状语语序不符的错序偏误现象。通过对初学汉语的老挝预科留学生在平时汉语交谈和作业、作文中出现的状语错序偏误第一手自然语料的收集和整理,我们得出这些偏误具体表现为地点状语、时间状语、程度状语、方式状语、情态状语、协同状语、对象状语七类状语的位置错序。结合学生状语错序偏误样态,对比考察两种语言的状语语序,我们认为老挝语状语语序知识的负迁移是造成老挝留学生在汉语学习和使用中出现状语语序偏误的重要原因。在对老挝留学生的汉语状语教学中应加强汉语状语的语序教学和训练,分内容、有针对性地进行状语语法知识的教学,必要时适当进行汉老语状语的对比教学。In the course of studying and using Chinese adverbials,Laotian preparatory oversea students often appear a lot of sequence errors which are inconsistent with the word order of Chinese adverbials.We collect and collate the first-hand natural corpus of the word order of Chinese adverbial errors in the usual homework,composition and conversation made by the Laotian preparatory oversea students,and conclude that these errors are manifested as seven types of adverbial positions,namely,place adverbial,time adverbial,degree adverbial,mode adverbial,modal adverbial,coordination adverbial,object adverbial.Based on the adverbial error patterns of the students,we contrast the adverbial word order of two languages,find that the negative transfer of adverbial word order knowledge in Lao language is an important cause of adverbial word order errors of Laotian preparatory oversea students in learning and using in Chinese.In the teaching of Chinese adverbial to Laotian oversea students,we should strengthen the teaching and training of word order,and should carry out the teaching of Chinese adverbial knowledge separately and in a targeted way,take comparative studies between Chinese and Laotian if necessary.

关 键 词：汉语预科 老挝留学生 状语语序 偏误 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]