马铃薯蒙头培土技术的研究  

Research on Potato Early Ridging Technology

作　　者：高中超[1] 匡恩俊[1] 宋柏权 张俐俐[3] 王翠玲[3] 高文超[3] 刘峰[3] GAO Zhong-chao;KUANG En-jun;SONG Bai-quan;ZHANG Li-li;WAN Cui-ling;GAO Wen-chao;LIU Feng(Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Environment Resources,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China;Crops Research Institute of Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]黑龙江大学农作物研究院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2018年第3期30-33,共4页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAD06B02;2013BAD07B01)

摘　　要：为了明确早期培土对马铃薯生长发育的影响,应用自主研发的马铃薯专用中耕培土犁分别在马铃薯出苗拱土前培土和苗后4~5片叶及块茎形成期进行统一培土,研究蒙头培土对马铃薯各生育指标及产量的影响。结果表明:马铃薯出苗拱土前进行培土,出苗较对照(常规中耕)晚2~3d,但提高马铃薯块茎形成期净光合速率、蒸腾速率,降低胞间CO2浓度,使马铃薯主根增长、结薯茎数增加,并促进地下干物质的积累;蒙头培土使马铃薯产量提高6.3%~8.8%,其中中薯相对于对照增产20.2%~27.1%,中小薯增产26.1%~30.8%,小薯增产13.2%~26.1%。早期蒙头培土技术也是马铃薯增产的一项关健技术,此项技术为今后马铃薯产业发展提供技术支撑。In order to make sure the influence of early ridging on potato growth,we used the independent researched potato ridging plough machine,to ridge in potato early ridging period and after seedling 4-5 leaves period respectidy,the effects of early ridging technology on every indexes and yield of potato were studied.The results showed that ridging before the emergence of potato,the seedling emergence was 2-3 days later than control(conventional plough),but it improved net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of potato tuber,decreased intercellular CO 2 concentration,promoted potato root growth,tuber number,and the underground dry matter accumulation;early ridging techndogy made the yield to increase by 6.3%-8.8%,the middle potato yield increased by 20.2%-27.1%compared with the control,and the increase of middle and small potatoes was 26.1%-30.8%,while the small potatoes increased by 13.2%-26.1%.Early ridging technology was also a key technology for increasing potato yield,which provided technical support for the development of potato industry in the future.

关 键 词：马铃薯 蒙头培土 生育 产量 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]