大亚湾夏季和冬季超微型浮游生物的时空分布及环境调控  

Variations of picoplankton in Daya Bay in relation to environmental factors in summer and winter

作　　者：姜歆[1,2,3] 柯志新 向晨晖[1,2,3] 李佳俊 谭烨辉 黄良民[1,2,3] JIANG Xin;KE Zhixin;XIANG Chenhui;LI Jiajun;TAN Yehui;HUANG Liangmin(Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology,Guangzhou 510301,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室,广州510301 [2]广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室,广州510301 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态科学》2018年第2期1-10,共10页Ecological Science

基　　金：973项目(2015CB452904);国家自然科学基金重点项目(41130855);国家自然科学基金(31670458);农业部公益性专项(201403008)

摘　　要：通过流式细胞法,于2015年夏季(7月)和冬季(12月)对大亚湾超微型浮游生物(聚球藻、超微型真核藻类和异养细菌)的时空变化及环境调控进行了比较研究。结果表明,夏季聚球藻、超微型真核藻类和异养细菌的丰度分别为(44.56±46.26)×10~3 cells·m L^(–1)、(3.00±4.50)×10~3 cells·m L^(–1)和(12.31±7.54)×10~5 cells·m L^(–1),冬季的丰度分别为(12.48±3.96)×10~3 cells·m L^(–1)、(0.78±0.71)×10~3 cells·m L^(–1)和(3.83±1.39)×10~5 cells·m L^(–1)。超微型浮游生物的丰度呈现为夏季高于冬季,受到温度、溶解无机氮组成和透明度的影响。夏季表层丰度明显高于底层,但冬季表底层无明显差异。在水平分布上,夏季湾内高营养盐基本对应高丰度,但石化区附近(S3站)营养盐高丰度却较低,范和港(S1站)低营养盐丰度却较高;湾口和湾外区主要受到外海水的影响,超微型浮游生物的3个类群丰度均较低。在沿岸流、海水垂直混合、外源营养盐输入等多个因素共同影响下,冬季湾中部和大鹏澳附近的聚球藻丰度较高,超微型真核藻类在湾口和范和港丰度较高,异养细菌在湾内和湾西部丰度较高。两个季节超微型真核藻类和异养细菌呈显著正相关。Using flow cytometry method,we studied the variations of picoplankton(Synechococcus,picoeukaryotes,heterotrophic bacteria)in relation to environmental factors in Daya Bay in summer and winter,2015.In the summer,the abundances of Synechococcus,picoeukaryotes,heterotrophic bacteria were(44.56±46.26)×103 cells·mL–1,(3.00±4.50)×103 cells·mL–1,and(12.31±7.54)×105 cells·mL–1,respectively.In the winter,their abundances were(12.48±3.96)×103 cells·mL–1,(0.78±0.71)×103 cells·mL–1,and(3.83±1.39)×105 cells·mL–1,respectively.The abundance of picoplankton was higher in summer than in winter,which was mainly determined by temperature,the composition of dissolved inorganic nitrogen,and transparency.The abundance of picoplankton was higher in the surface than in the bottom in summer,but in winter there was no difference between the surface and the bottom.Higher abundance of picoplankton was generally found in the inner bay where the nutrients concentrations were high in summer.However,the abundance of picoplankton was low in spite of the high concentrations of nutrients near the petrochemical base(Station S3)while the abundance was high in spite of the low concentrations of nutrients near the Fanhe Cove(Station S1).Due to the intrusion of offshore seawater which was characteristic with low nutrients,the abundance of picoplankton was low in the bay mouth and the outer bay in summer.In winter,as affected by China Coastal Current,vertical mixing,and exogenous nutrient input,higher abundance of Synechococcus was generally found in the central Daya Bay and Dapeng’ao.The abundance of picoeukaryotes was generally higher in the bay mouth and the Fanhe Cove while there were more heterotrophic bacteria in the inner and western Daya Bay in winter.Picoeukaryotes and heterotrophic bacteria showed significantly positive correlations with each other in both the two seasons.

关 键 词：超微型浮游生物 聚球藻 超微型真核藻类 异养细菌 大亚湾 时空变化 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学] X17[生物学—普通生物学]