古典精神分析女性观:多伊奇对弗洛伊德的继承与超越  

The Women' Theory of Classical Psychoanalysis: Inheritance and Development of Deutsch to Freud's Views

作　　者：王礼军 郭本禹 WANG Li-jun;GUO Ben-yu(School of Education Science,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000,China;School of Psychology,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学教育科学学院,安徽芜湖241000 [2]南京师范大学心理学院,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《南京晓庄学院学报》2018年第2期84-89,124,共7页Journal of Nanjing Xiaozhuang University

摘　　要：弗洛伊德是以专题的形式描述女性心理问题的第一人,但他对女性心理的探讨是以男性为视角,且止步于青春期。作为古典精神分析的女性代表,多伊奇基于其自身经验和临床经历提出一种以女性为中心的女性观,并在继承弗洛伊德理论的基础上实现了对后者的超越,主要表现为:从"男性主义"的发展观到"女性主义"的发展观,从专注童年期到重视成年期,从注重父亲到强调母亲和同伴关系;同时,她发展了弗洛伊德关于女性气质的观点,对自恋、被动性和受虐性三种女性的基本特质作出深入分析。Sigmund Freud was the first to describe the psychology of women as a special subject,but his exploration of female psychology was from the male point of view and stopped at puberty.As a female representative of classical psychoanalysis,Helene Deutsch proposed a special theory of women which was in a women-centered version,based on her own maternal and clinical experience.Her success in theory of women on the basis of Freud s points exceeded the latter in the following:(1)from the male views of development to the female views of development;(2)from focusing on puberty to paying attention to adulthood;(3)from valuing the role of the father to emphasizing the mother and peer relations in mental development.Besides,Deutsch developed Freud’s views of femininity,making a deep analysis of the basic characteristics of women:narcissism,passivity and masochism.

关 键 词：海伦妮·多伊奇 弗洛伊德 古典精神分析 女性观 女性心理学 

分 类 号：B844.5[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]