关于事物感知与价值感受的奠基关系的再思考--以及对佛教“心-心所”说的再解释  

A Reconsideration of the Founding Relations between Thing Perception and Value Feeling:Re-Explications as regards the Theory of citta-caitta in Buddhism

作　　者：倪梁康[1,2,3] Ni Liangkang

机构地区：[1]中山大学哲学系 [2]杭州佛学院 [3]都师范大学哲学系

出　　处：《哲学研究》2018年第4期116-126,129,共12页Philosophical Research

摘　　要：西方哲学中的意识分析传统和佛教唯识学的心识分析传统,在知、情、意三分及其奠基关系问题上有共通之处。但在现象学中,胡塞尔和舍勒在"事物感知"与"价值感受"的奠基关系问题上产生分歧和对立。通过对佛教唯识学的"心-心所"说的重新考察和理解,作者在此提出一种立足于现象学直观的知、情、意三分及其奠基关系的新的解释方案:"事物感知"与"价值感受"不应被视作一个复合行为中两个彼此间有奠基关系的行为,而只能被理解或被诠释为一个行为的两个彼此间有主从关系的部分或要素。这里只有一个意识行为,它以不同的模式进行:感知的模式、感受的模式和意欲的模式。当其中一种模式起主导作用或发挥主导功能时,这个意识行为就表现为突显这种模式的意识行为,如感知活动、感受活动和意欲活动,而它们各自所构造的对象或客体也会相应地发生变化。在此意义上,存在一种"动态的奠基",一种不同于"发生的奠基"和"结构的奠基"的奠基关系或奠基秩序。At the level of the trichotomy of understanding,feeling,and will,and of their founding relations,the consciousness analysis of Western philosophy has something in common with the mind analysis of Yoga?ca?ra Buddhism.In the milieu of phenomenology,there are bifurcations and oppositions between Husserl and Scheler in terms of the founding relations between“thing perception”and“value feeling.”By virtue of the re-examination and re-understanding of the theory of citta-caitta in Yoga?ca?ra Buddhism,I present,on the basis of phenomenological intuition,a plan of re-explicating the trichotomy of and founding relations among understanding,feeling,and will:rather than being considered as two mutually foundation-laying acts in one complex act,“thing perception”and“value feeling”should be understood or explicated as nothing but two principal-subordinate parts or moments of one act.There is only one act of consciousness performed in different modes:the modes of perception,feeling,and volition respectively.When one of the three modes plays the leading role or functions in leading fashion,this act of consciousness will be manifested in making prominent this mode-say,the act of perception,feeling,or volition-and the respective objects constituted by them will also change accordingly.In this sense,there is a dynamic foundation-laying,a foundation-laying of relation or order that differs from a spontaneous or structural foundation-laying.

关 键 词：动态奠基 事物感知 价值感受 心-心所 

分 类 号：B81-06[哲学宗教—逻辑学] B946.3