下颌磨牙解剖根尖孔形态的研究及临床意义  

The morphology of apical foramen in permanent mandibular molars and its clinical significance

作　　者：秦鹤嘉 周童[1] 谢方方[1] QIN He-jia;ZHOU Tong;XIE Fang-fang(Department of Cariology and Endodontology,College of Stomatology Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China)

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学附属口腔医院,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《牙体牙髓牙周病学杂志》2018年第4期225-228,共4页Chinese Journal of Conservative Dentistry

基　　金：广西自然科学基金(2011GXNSFA01829);广西医疗卫生适宜技术研究开发项目(S201305-01)

摘　　要：目的:研究下颌磨牙根尖孔的孔径和形态特征。方法:收集符合纳入标准的离体下颌磨牙593个,其中第一磨牙285个、第二磨牙308个;经亚甲基蓝染色后用体视显微镜拍摄并记录根尖孔和侧副根尖孔的数量、形态,使用Phmias 2008软件测量根尖孔的最大径和最小径,并进行统计学分析。结果:593个下颌磨牙共观测根尖孔1 616个,其中1个牙根有1个、2个、≥3个根尖孔的比例分别为68%、23.8%、8.2%。根尖孔的形状多数是椭圆形(71.6%)。不同牙根尖孔最小径为(0.24±0.10)mm^(0.33±0.12)mm,最大径为(0.33±0.15)mm^(0.42±0.16)mm,第一、二磨牙的最大径及最小径均为近中根尖孔小于远中根尖孔(P<0.05)。根尖孔最大径与最小径的差值≤0.15 mm的比例为81.5%。结论:下颌磨牙根尖孔解剖形态变异较多且复杂。AIM:To investigate the morphological characteristics of the apical foramen of mandibular molars.METHODS:593 permanent mandibular molars(285 first and 308 second molars)were collected.The roots were stained with methylene blue and the number and shape of root apex and lateral side of root apex were examined with stereomicroscope.Data were analyzed by Phmias 2008 computer software.RESULTS:A total of 1 616 foramina of the 593 molars was investigated.1 root with 1,2 and≥3apical foramen were found in 68%,23.8%and 8.2%of the roots.Most apical foramina(71.6%)were oval in shape.The mean range of minimum diameter in the minor apical foramen was from(0.24±0.10)mm to(0.33±0.12)mm,that of the maximum was from(0.33±0.15)mm to(0.42±0.16)mm.The rate of apical foramen with the difference between maximum and minimum diameter no more than 0.15 mm accounted for 81.5%.CONCLUSION:The morphology of apical foramina of mandibular molars present highly complex anatomical variations.

关 键 词：下颌磨牙 根尖孔 解剖形态 

分 类 号：R780.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]